长时间停放会使质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)的性能下降，氢泵法是一种有效的活化方法。该方法在燃料电池两侧分别通入增湿的氢气和氮气，外加电流充电促使膜电极恢复质子通过能力。利用恒电流充电解析法，在一个老化并长时间停放后的单体燃料电池上，研究了氢泵法活化燃料电池过程中催化剂有效面积、氢渗透电流、双电层电容和欧姆电阻的变化。结果表明，氢泵活化1 h，各种参数达到基本稳定，燃料电池的开路电压上升了14%，最大功率上升了121.2%，欧姆电阻下降6.8%；阴极侧的催化剂有效面积上升42.4%，双电层电容基本没有变化。恒电流充电解析法还可用于对燃料电池堆的多参数测量。%The performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC) wil decline after long period on standby, and the hydrogen pumping is an effective activation. The humidified hydrogen and nitrogen are pumped into PEMFC separately, while external current is introduced to recover proton conductivity of MEA. A galvanostatic charge measurement was investigated in the hydrogen pumping activation process of a decayed one-piece PEMFC after long period on standby. The variation of the electrochemical active surface, hydrogen crossover current, electric double layer capacitance and ohmic resistance was studied. The results show that al of the parameters remain basical y stable after 1 h activation, the open circuit voltage increases by 14%, the maximum power increases by 121.2%, and the ohmic resistance decreases by 6.8%. In the cathode, the electrochemical active surface increases by 42.4%, while the electric double layer capacitance shows little change. The galvanostatic charge measurement can also be applied to multi-parameter measurement of PEMFC stacks.
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