锂离子电池自放电影响因素及测量方法研究

摘要

锂离子电池作为动力能源广泛应用于新能源汽车等行业,而电池配组的一致性对电芯的自放电率提出了严格要求.精确测量锂离子电池自放电率可挑选出问题电芯,提高配组电芯的一致性,以及实现电池SOC的估算修正.介绍了正极材料、负极材料、电解液和存储环境等方面对锂离子电池自放电率的影响.同时简单介绍了目前常用的传统锂离子电池自放电率的测量方法和新型自放电率快速测量方法.%Lithium ion batteries are widely used in new energy automotive industry as power energies.Strict requirement of self-discharge rate of lithium ion batteries is needed because batteries' packing requires high consistency.Accurate measurement of lithium ion battery self-discharge rate can sort out the undesirable batteries,improve the consistency of the battery pack and increase the estimation precision of SOC.The impacts on self-discharge rate in lithium ion batteries were reviewed in terms of the anodes,cathodes,electrolytes,storage conditions and other factors.A brief introduction of traditional and novel fast measurements of self-discharge rate of lithium ion batteries was provided.