为了探索南极真菌的多样性,进一步揭示其生态学角色和筛选有特定酶活性的菌株,本研究对中国第27次南极科学考察采集自阿德雷岛的6份样品进行了真菌的分离培养及其胞外酶活性测定.从6份样品中共分离得到168株真菌,其中大型海藻腐烂物样品中分离到的真菌种类和数量最多,占所分离菌株总数的34.6％；对选取的15株代表菌株进行了真菌ITS1-5.8S-ITS2序列鉴定,结果表明它们分属于4个纲,8个属,其中青霉属5株,假散囊菌属、地丝菌属和枝孢属各2株,生赤壳属、曲霉属、出芽短梗霉属和unclassified Onygenales各1株,该结果表明南极地区具有丰富的真菌物种多样性,其优势类群青霉菌.胞外酶测定显示产淀粉酶、蛋白酶和纤维素酶产生菌分别占供试菌株的64.6％、45.1％、14.6％,产纤维素酶的菌株可能在南极物质能量循环中扮演着重要角色.%To explore the diversity of Antarctic fungi and their role in polar ecosystems, microfungi were isolated from six samples collected from Ardley Island during the 27th Chinese Antarctic Scientific Expedition. A total of 168 fungi were isolated from the six samples, and most of the fungi were separated from rotting macroalgae, which accounted for 34.6% of the total isolates. The Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) rDNA of 15 representative strains was se-quenced and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA software. Results showed that these fungi belonged to four classes and eight genera. The fungi consisted of Penicillium (5 strains) , Pseudeurotium (2 strains) , Geomyces (2 strains), Cladosporium (2 strains), Bionectria (1 strain) , Aspergillus (1 strain) , Aureobasidium (1 strain) , and unclassified Onygenales (1 strain). Analysis of extracellular enzymes indicated that 64. 6% , 45. 1% and 14. 6% of the total strains tested could produce amylase, protease and cellulose, respectively. These enzymes secreted by fungi could play an important role in the flow of energy and the cycle of organic substances on the Antarctic continent.
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