Objective By combing pertinent literature, and summarizing the current states of chemical composition of Polygonum muhiflorum related with its efficacy and toxicity, to identify its effective and toxical composition, provide literature basis and idea for the research of relevance between efficacy, toxicity and chemical composition of Polygonum multiflorum. Methods The related references in recent 10 years both at home and abroad about Polygonum multiflorum were collated, analyzed and summarized. Results The stilbene glucoside is the main chemical composition and the active constituent, and is the main material basis for efficacy in Polygonum multifiorum. Anthraquinones are the possible toxical chemical composition and marerial basis to effect toxicity expression. Many adverse reactions were observed in clinical application. The research reports related to the toxicity of chemical constituents are very few. The chemical material foundation, process in vivo, characters and mechanism of toxical effect are not definite completely. The research about efficacy, material basis and toxicity of Polygonum multiflorum is isolated; there is a short of relevance. Conclusion The toxicity of Polygonum multiflorum should be researched in the process of efficacy-expression and material basis-separation. Material basis of toxicity should be controlled reasonably and basement would be provided for con—summating safety standards and putting forward early—warning scheme of adverse reaction that can be referred to clinical.%目的 总结与功效、毒性相关的何首乌化学成分研究现状,明确何首乌功效成分与毒性成分,为进行何首乌化学成分与功 效、毒性相关性研究提供文献依据和研究思路.方法 对近十几年来国内外发表的相关文献进行整理、分析、归纳.结果 二苯乙烯苷是何首乌的主要化学成分和活性成分,是何首乌发挥功效的主要物质基础；蒽醌类是其可能的毒性成分和毒性表达的主要物质基础.临床报道何首乌可产生多种不良反应,而关于何首乌化学成分毒性的研究报道较少,对于何首乌毒性物质基础、毒性体内过程、毒性作用特点、毒性作用机制研究尚不够深入；目前关于何首乌化学成分、功效和毒性的研究都是孤立的,彼此之间缺少关联性.结论 何首乌应在功效和毒性表达导向下进行定向的物质基础分离、合理毒性控制研究,以达到减少不良反应,保证临床安全用药的目的.
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