咽鼓管通气功能的评价方法

摘要

咽鼓管的通气功能对正常的中耳顺应性十分重要，因此准确客观地评价咽鼓管的通气功能具有极其重要的意义。目前用于客观评价咽鼓管功能的方法多种多样，临床及研究中应用较多的方法包括声导抗测量、九步试验（Nine-step inflation/deflation test）、压力平衡试验（IDT）、受迫响应试验（FRT）、声测法、咽鼓管测压（TMM）等，这些方法各有其适用条件及优缺点，且均不能单独作为咽鼓管通气功能障碍的诊断依据，将这些方法中的一部分相结合进行评估，对咽鼓管功能障碍诊断的敏感度和特异度均显著提高。将客观检查手段与主观症状量表相结合，对咽鼓管功能进行评估似乎更为有效。本文对这些评价方法进行综述，试图为寻找和建立一个临床实用且准确客观的咽鼓管通气功能评价方法提供思路。%Adequate ventilation through the Eustachian tube (ET) is essential for normal middle ear function. To accu-rately and objectively assess ET ventilation is of great importance. Various tests are used to assess ET function, including tympanometry, nine-step inflation/deflation test, inflation-deflation test (IDT), forced response test (FRT), tubotympanome-try (TMM) and sonotubometry. Each test has its own advantages and disadvantages, and none of them can alone complete the diagnosis of Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD). Integration of these tests may improve the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis of ETD. Combining these tests with subjective symptom scales seems to be more effective in the diagnosis of ETD. In this review we summarize current understanding of the above tests and assessing strategies of ET function.