老年人群骨质疏松的影响因素分析

摘要

目的：探讨老年人骨质疏松发生的危险因素，对骨质疏松及骨折的预防提出依据。方法选取在本院老年门诊就诊的老年人群728例，使用双能骨密度仪进行骨密度测定，同时，自行设计患者基本情况调查表收集一般临床资料，有效问卷703例，其中将确诊的303例骨质疏松老年人群作为病例组，未发生骨质疏松400例的老年人群作为对照组进行研究，分析老年人骨质疏松影响因素。结果老年人群骨质疏松检出率为43．10％；多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示：年龄、学历、女性绝经时间、目前体重指数、膳食结构（肉食为较多）和牙齿有无松动脱落情况与老年骨质疏松发生有关（P＜0．05）。结论高龄、离异或丧偶、女性绝经时间早、体重指数低、牙齿有松动脱落是老年人骨质疏松的危险因素；高学历、膳食结构（肉食为较多）是老年人骨质疏松的保护因素。%Objective To explore the risk factors of osteoporosis in elderly patients, to provide evidence for the prevention of osteoporosis and fractures, and to reduce the occurrence of osteoporosis.Methods Seven hundred and twenty-eight elder patients, who attended outpatients in our hospital, were selected.Bone mineral density was measured using DXA.Meanwhile, the related information of the patients was gathered through self-designed questionnaires.Among the 703 cases, 303 cases that were confirmed of osteoporosis were divided to the case group, and the other 400 cases that were not confirmed were divided to the control group.The osteoporosis-related factors were analyzed.Results The incidence of osteoporosis in the elderly people was 43.10%.The result of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that osteoporosis in elderly people was related to age, education, time of menopause in females, dietary structure, the current BMI, and present condition of the tooth (P<0.05).Conclusion Advanced age, widowed or divorced, early time of menopause (in females), lower body mass index, and tooth loose are risk factors of osteoporosis in the elderly people.High education and dietary structure ( meat food) are the protective factors of osteoporosis in the elderly people.