Bone repair is a complex process involving biological events at the tissue,cellular and molecular levels.Fracture healing mainly involves three physiological processes including inflammation,repair and remodeling.During the repair process,the main event is the recruitment,proliferation,extension and accumulation of bone stem cells.Substantial evidence suggests that stem cells originate from local osseous tissues,particularly the periosteum.However,bone repair can still occur in the circumstances of severe periosteal trauma.It seems that there are other potential sources of stem cells which can compensate for missing or damaged stem cells.Considering its proximity to bone,its close relationship with bone growth and development,and having been considered as a secretory organ,muscle is a potential and significant source of cells and growth factors for bone repair.In this review we summarized the role of muscle as source of bone stem cells,myokines secreted by muscle,and itself as an important component in bone repair,aiming to provide new insights for orthopedic treatment.%骨修复是一个复杂的过程,包括组织、细胞和分子水平上的生物事件.骨折愈合主要分为炎症、修复和重塑三个生理过程.在修复过程进展中最主要的事件是骨骼干细胞的募集、增殖、扩张和积聚.骨骼干细胞主要源于骨膜等局部骨组织,但是在骨膜损伤较严重的情况下骨修复仍然可以进行.研究发现,机体还存在其他潜在的干细胞来源,从而对缺失和损伤的骨骼干细胞进行补偿.鉴于肌肉与骨骼相邻,且与骨骼的生长发育密切相关,近来肌肉组织又被研究认为是分泌器官.因此,肌肉组织是骨修复细胞和生长因子的重要来源.本文通过论述肌肉组织作为骨骼干细胞的来源,其分泌的肌肉因子以及自身作为重要元件对骨修复的作用,以期望为骨科治疗提供新的见解.
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