Field experiment was carried out to investigate the influence of nitrogen (N) , phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilizers on yield, nutrients accumulation rate and utilization efficiency of spring hybrid oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. cv Qingza 2) in Huzhu county, Qinghai province. Results showed that seed yield of Qingyouza 2 was significantly improved by N and P fertilizers, but not by K fertilizer. Compared to no fertilizer control , N, P and K accumulation in rape shoot were enhanced significantly after using corresponding fertilizers (P < 0.05). From the study, it can be concluded that the agronomic efficiency of different fertilizer were 5.3kg/kg N, 5. 6kg/kg P2OS and 1.7kg/kg K20 respectively, and the noticeable recovery efficiency of different fertilizer were N 33.6% , P2O5 7. 8% and K2O 52. 0% respectively. The partial factor production of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in spring oilseed rape were 28. 0. Kg/kg N ,46.7kg/kg P2O5 and 26. Okg/kg K2O respectively. In this study, while the seed yield of 3 504kg/hm with the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium applied altogether, 4. 6kg N, 2.0kg P2O5 and 5. 6kg K2O have been absorbed from soil as 100 kilograms spring oilseed rape produced, and the ratio of N, P2O5 and K20 was 1: 0.43: 1.21. In spring oilseed rape productive practice of Qinghai province , improvement of soil fertility and balancing fertilization could play important rloes in achieving high yield.%利用大田试验研究氮、磷、钾肥对青海省互助县种植的甘蓝型春油菜产量、养分吸收量和肥料利用效率等指标的影响.结果表明,氮肥和磷肥对春油菜(甘蓝型杂交油菜青杂2号)籽粒产量的提高有显著作用,钾肥的影响相对较小；与不施肥对照相比,氮、磷、钾肥的施用可显著促进成熟期春油菜地上部N、P、K素累积量(P＜0.05)；不同肥料的春油菜农学利用率分别为5.3kg/kg N、5.6kg/kg P2O5和1.7kg/kg K2O；肥料表观利用率分别为N 33.6％、P2O57.8％和K2O 52.0％,N、P、K肥对油菜籽产量的偏生产力分别为28.0kg/kg N、46.7kg/kg P2O5和26kg/kg K2O.青海省互助县种植条件下,当春油菜产量水平在3 504kg/hm2时,NPK配施条件下每生产100kg籽粒需要吸收N、P2O5、K2O量分别为4.6kg、2.0kg和5.6kg,氮磷钾比为1∶0.43∶1.21.油菜生产实践中实现高产目标需同时关注地力培肥和平衡施肥两方面.
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