河北省女性尿失禁患病率调查及其影响因素分析

摘要

Objective To estimate the prevalence and associated factors of adult female urinary incontinence in Hebei province. Methods Stratified and multistage sampling method was used, between January 2016 to May 2016, to investigate the target population in Hebei province. While, logistic regression was used to analyse datas. Results A population-based survey was conducted in 2 450 women in Hebei province, there were 2 408 effective questionnaires after deleting 48 invalid questionnaires. According to the results, the average age of subjects was (56±15) years old, and the urinary incontinence prevalence of adult female in Hebei province was 27.70%(667/2 408). Stress urinary incontinence, urge urinary incontinence and mixed urinary incontinence were diagnosed as 23.13%(557/2 408), 1.58%(38/2 408) and 2.99%(72/2 408), respectively. There were only 2.85% (19/667) urinary incontinence patients seeking medical help. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that age, daily water intake, pulmonary diseases, urinary tract infection, hypertension, chronic low back pain, dysmenorrhea, vaginitis, abortion, mode of delivery, postpartum infection were statistically significant (all P≤0.05). Among these factors, cesarean section was the protective factor for urinary incontinence (OR=0.365, 95%CI: 0.195-0.685, P<0.01). Conclusions The prevalence of urinary incontinence in adult female in Hebei province is high, and there are few patients seeking medical help. It is a common disorder in women and is associated with many factors;among these factors, cesarean section is the protective factor for urinary incontinence.%目的：调查河北省成年女性尿失禁的患病率，并探讨尿失禁的影响因素。方法于2016年1月至5月，在河北省采用分层多阶段抽样的方法，统一由调查员对抽样对象进行访问问卷调查，统计河北省成年女性的尿失禁患病率，并应用logistic回归分析尿失禁发生的影响因素。结果本研究共回收问卷2450份，其中无效问卷42份，有效问卷2408份，调查对象的平均年龄为（56±15）岁；河北省成年女性尿失禁的患病率为27.70%（667/2408），其中压力性尿失禁、急迫性尿失禁和混合性尿失禁的患病率分别为23.13%（557/2408）、1.58%（38/2408）和2.99%（72/2408）。尿失禁患者的就诊率为2.85%（19/667）。logistic回归结果显示，年龄、日饮水量、呼吸系统疾病、泌尿系统疾病、高血压、慢性腰痛、痛经、阴道炎、流产次数、分娩方式、产后感染均为尿失禁发生的危险因素（P均≤0.05）；其中，剖宫产是尿失禁发生的保护性因素（OR=0.365，95%CI为0.195～0.685，P<0.01）。结论河北省成年女性的尿失禁患病率较高而就诊率低，尿失禁患病与多种因素相关，剖宫产是其保护性因素。