特殊人群感染肺结核的 X 线表现特征分析

摘要

Objective To explore the characteristics of X-ray manifestations of pulmonary tuberculosis in two kinds of special populations:AIDS patients and drug addicts, and performed the comparisons between both popula-tions.Methods From Jan 2010 to June 2014, 80 AIDS patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were studied in our hos-pital.All patients were taken frontal and lateral chest radiographs.Results Seventeen in AIDS patients with pulmo-nary tuberculosis,lesions in the right lung were found in 65 cases,the left lungs in 63 cases, 2 lung in 56 cases;the distribution of lesions less than 2 lung field was found in 73 cases, accounting for 91.15%;cavity formation in 58 ca-ses, accounting for 72.51%.In drug addicts with pulmonary tuberculosis, lesions in the right lung were found in 61 cases, the left lung in 48 cases, and 2 lungs in 14 cases;the distribution of more than 2 lung fields was found in 24 cases, accounting for 30.00%;cavity formation was found in 17 cases, accounting for 21.00%.The statistical analy-sis showed that lesion distribution mainly involved middle and lower lung field in 2 lungs in the AIDS group ( P<0.05), X-ray manifestations mainly were exudative and cavernous(P<0.05).Conclusion AIDS patients with pul-monary tuberculosis and drug addicts with pulmonary tuberculosis have their own characteristics of X-ray, and there are some certain differences between the two populations.A wider lesion distribution and cavity formation, and le-sions occasionally showing a shift phenomenon were found in AIDS patients.%目的：探讨艾滋病患者与吸毒者两类特殊人群感染肺结核的X线表现特点，并进行比较分析。方法收集并分析该院2010-01～2014-06收治的艾滋病合并肺结核感染患者及吸毒感染肺结核患者各80例的X线胸部正、侧位片。结果艾滋病合并肺结核患者中，病灶累及右肺65例，左肺63例，同时累及两肺56例，病灶分布≥2个肺野73例，占91.15％，空洞形成58例，占72.51％。吸毒感染肺结核患者中，病灶累及右肺61例，左肺48例，同时累及两肺14例，病灶分布≥2个肺野24例，占30.00％，空洞形成17例，占21.00％。据统计学分析发现，艾滋组病灶分布主要累及两肺中下肺野为主（P＜0.05），X线表现主要以渗出性、空洞为主（ P＜0.05）。结论艾滋病感染肺结核与吸毒感染肺结核均具有一定的X线表现特征，且两者具有一定差异，前者病灶分布广，空洞形成广泛及病灶偶有此消彼长现象。