正中神经和尺神经分段刺激在慢性炎性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病中的电生理研究

摘要

目的 探讨运动神经传导速度(MCV)、复合肌肉动作电位(CMAP)与肌力减退的关系和传导阻滞(CB)在慢性炎性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病(chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuritis,CIDP)中的表现特点.方法 30例CIDP患者在进行常规MCV、远端潜伏期(DML)、F波、感觉神经传导速度(SCV)、肌电图(EMG)测定的基础上,在正中神经采用由远到近的“腕-肘-腋-Erb's点”4点3段刺激,尺神经采用由远到近的“腕-肘下-肘上-腋-Erb's点”5点4段刺激,记录各段刺激后CMAP各参数及MCV的变化.结果 CMAP波幅衰减、面积衰减、时程增加以及MCV减慢与临床肌力减退无相关性,dCMAP波幅与上肢远端肌力呈正相关；患者中80.00％在正中神经、73.33％在尺神经发现了1个或多个节段的CB,且出现节段无明显选择性.结论 dCMAP波幅降低与CIDP患者肌力减退有相关性.在CIDP中CB出现率高,且较为弥散地在各节段中出现.%Objective To investigate the relationship between motor conduction velocity (MCV) and compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and muscle strength impairment; and to study the characteristics of conduction block (CB) in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). Methods 30 patients with CIDP formed the study population. All patients were examined by MCV, distal motor latency (DML), F wave, sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV) and electromyography (EMG). Stimulations were perfomed at 4 sites of the median nerve from distal to proximal (wrist, elbow, axilla, Erb' s point) and 5 sites of the ulnar nerve (wrist, below elbow, above elbow, axilla, Erb' s point), while all the parameters of CMAP and MCV were recorded. Results There were no correlations between the CAMP amplitude attenuation, area, duration increase, MCV reduction and the clinical muscle strength. However, there was positive correlation between the amplitude of the dCMAP and the distal muscle strength in the upper limbs. CB of solitary or multiple segments was discovered in the median nerve of 80.00% patients and the ulnar nerve of 73.33% patients, and the segmental of CB was not selective. Conclusions There was a correlation between the reduced amplitude of dCMAP and muscle strength impairment in CIDP. CB is common in patients with CIDP, and it scatters in all segments detected.