新生儿病区母婴同室对母婴身心健康的影响

摘要

目的 探讨在新生儿病区开设母婴同室住院模式的优劣与意义.方法 选择北京新世纪儿童医院新生儿病区2012年3月至2013年5月收治的生命体征相对平稳的患儿,根据住院时家长意愿及床位情况分为母婴同室组和非母婴同室组,比较两组患儿医院感染发生率、母乳喂养情况、母亲产后1个月内抑郁评分以及患儿非医嘱出院率和出院后随访情况.结果 (1)医院感染发生率:母婴同室组2.3％(3/132),非母婴同室组1.4％ (1/70),两组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);(2)母乳喂养情况:入院前两组患儿差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),入院后母婴同室组人工喂养率(8.3％,11/132)低于非母婴同室组(58.6％,41/70),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);(3)产后抑郁情况:母婴同室组母亲(选取40例)爱丁堡产后抑郁量表评分(4.6±3.0)分,非母婴同室组母亲(选取24例)(6.8±2.7)分,两组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);(4)非医嘱出院和出院后随访情况:母婴同室组疗程不足非医嘱出院率(4.5％,6/132)低于非母婴同室组(12.9％,9/70),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),且出院后随访问题较少.结论 病情允许前提下,新生儿病区提供母婴同室有益母婴身心健康,符合当今医疗服务发展方向.%Objective To study the influence of rooming-in care in neonatal ward.Methods The study cases with relatively stable vital signs enrolled from the neonatal ward of the Beijing New Century International Children's Hospital between March 2012 and May 2013 were assigned into roomingin group and non rooming-in group according to parents' consent and bed number.The hospital infection rate, breasffeeding rate, maternal postpartum depression scores in first month after delivery, hospital discharge rate of non doctor's advice and followed-up problems occurred post-discharge were compared between groups.Results (1) The hospital infection rate was 2.3％ (3/132) and 1.4％ (1/70) respectively in the group of rooming-in and non rooming-in, there was no significance between groups (P ＞0.05).(2)Breasffeeding: There were no significant differences between two groups before admission(P ＞ 0.05).The Formula feeding rate of rooming-in group (8.3％ , 11/132) was significantly lower than that of non rooming-in group (58.6％ ,41/70) (P ＜ 0.01) after admission.(3)Edinburgh postnatal depression scale score of rooming-in group (40 cases were selected) was 4.6-± 3.0, whilst that of non rooming-in group (24 cases were selected) was 6.8 ±-2.7.The difference was statistically significant (P ＜0.01).(4)The hospital discharge rate of without medical doctor's advice of rooming-in group (4.5％ ,6/132) was lower than that of non rooming-in group (12.9％, 9/70) (P ＜0.05), and there were fewer follow-up problems occurred after discharge in rooming-in group.Conclusions When conditions permit, rooming-in care hospital pattern in the neonatal ward contributes physical and mental health to both mother and infant.It meets the current medical service development direction.