老年患者术后认知功能障碍相关麻醉因素研究进展

摘要

术后认知功能障碍（ POCD）是老年患者术后常见的并发症。 POCD显著增加老年患者致残率和致死率，增加医疗成本并降低患者生存质量。目前认为与POCD相关的麻醉因素是多方面的，包括手术麻醉时间、麻醉方式、麻醉药物、麻醉深度及术后镇痛等。现对目前与老年患者POCD相关的麻醉因素作一综述，以期为高危患者制定合理的麻醉方案提供理论依据，从而减少POCD的发生。%Postoperative cognitive dysfunction ( POCD) is a common postoperative complication in the elderly patients .It signifi-cantly increases morbidity and mortality , elevates medical costs , and reduces the life quality of the patients .Evidence shows there are certain anesthesia risk factors having been proven to be associated with POCD , including the duration , type, drugs and depth of anesthesia, and postoperative analgesia .In this article, we reviewed the studies of anesthetic factors related to POCD in the elderly patients, and hoped to provide the theoretical basis for making sensible choices of high -risk patients so as to reduce its incidence .