非酒精性脂肪肝患者高危风险因素分析及护理对策

摘要

Objective To analyze the high risk factors and nursing strategies for patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods The medical checkup data of 5 264 people from medical centers for health examination were analyzed by binary Logistic regression analysis,who included 1 151 patients with NAFLD and 4 113 control peoples.Results The high risk factors of NAFLD included sex,overweight or obesity,hyperglycemia,hypertension,dyslipidemia,hypercholesterolemia and hyperuricemia.The detection rate of overweight or obesity,hyperglycemia,hypertension,dyslipidemia,hypercholesterolemia,hyperuricemia were significantly higher in NAFLD group than those in control group among male [77.9％ vs 38.1％,24.4％ vs 12.0％,40.2％ vs 26.3％,58.6％ vs 27.7％,45.1％ vs 33.5％,27.0％ vs 10.2％],as well as females [68.5％ vs21.7％,30.8％ vs6.4％,44.8％ vs 14.4％,52.4％ vs 17.9％,56.7％ vs 27.2％,21.0％ vs 5.9％],the difference were statistics significant (x2 =463.2,87.2,145.1,303.0,383.9,162.5 and 147.9,98.7,84.2,93.4,328.9,44.1,respoetively;P ＜0.05).Conclusions Nursing staff should pay more attention to high-risk population of NAFLD,and eliminate or reduce risk factors through the way of life or drugs intervention to prevent or delay the NAFLD occurrence and development.%目的 对非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)患者高危风险因素进行分析并制定相应的护理对策.方法 对山东省日照市人民医院健康体检中心诊断的l 151例NAFLD患者和4 113名非NAFLD对照人群进行回顾性分析,采用二分类非条件Logistic回归分析,对NAFLD高危因素进行筛查.结果 NAFLD患者的高危风险因素分别为性别、超重或肥胖、高血糖、高血压、血脂紊乱、高胆固醇血症和高尿酸血症,男性NAFLD患者超重或肥胖(77.9％)、高血压(24.4％)、高血糖(40.2％)、血脂紊乱(58.6％)、高胆固醇血症(45.1％)和高尿酸血症(27.0％)的检出率均显著高于对照人群(38.1％,12.0％,26.3％,27.7％,33.5％,10.2％),两组比较差异有统计学意义(x2值分别为463.2,87.2,145.1,303.0,383.9,162.5;P ＜0.05);女性NAFLD患者相应病症的检出率也均高于对照人群(68.5％/21.7％,30.8％/6.4％,44.8％/14.4％,52.4％/17.9％,56.7％/27.2％,21.0％/5.9％),两组比较差异均有统计学意义(x2值分别为147.9,98.7,84.2,93.4,328.9,44.1;P＜0.05).结论 护理人员更应关注NAFLD高危人群,通过生活方式或药物干预消除或减轻高危因素,以预防或延缓NAFLD的发生和发展.