神经外科侧卧位手术患者压疮预防及体位安置的研究进展

摘要

Lateral position is a common surgical position in neurosurgery, it is also a susceptible position for pressure ulcers. The reasons not only consist of the common causes of general surgery, but also consist of unique factors due to its special position. The technique and rationality of body position placement is significant for the prevention of pressure ulcers. This article reviews the causes and preventive measures of pressure ulcers with lateral position in neurosurgery operation after consulting extensive literature. We will expound and analyze the way of body position placement, placement techniques of every part, selection of material for various body positions, and precautions of position nursing in perioperative period of lateral position surgery, etc. We hope to provide references for the prevention and management of pressure ulcers in neurosurgery operation with lateral position.%侧卧位是神经外科手术常见的手术体位，也是术中压疮的好发体位，原因既有一般手术的常见原因，又因体位的特殊性而有其独特的因素。体位安置的技巧性和合理性，对压疮预防有重要意义。本文综述了神经外科术中侧卧位压疮的原因和预防措施，对术中侧卧位体位安置的方式方法、躯体各部位的安置技巧、各种体位安置用物用品的选择、围术期体位照护的注意事项等做了系统的阐述，以期为神经外科侧卧手术体位的压疮预防和体位管理提供借鉴。