护士出勤主义行为与工作压力源的相关性研究

摘要

Objective To investigate nurses' presenteeism and job stressors, and explore the correlation between them. Methods From January to May in 2017, a total of 380 nurses were investigated in one classⅢ grade A hospital in He'nan and totally 349 valid questionnaires were included. Presenteeism Questionnaire and Nurses Job Stressors Scale were used to investigate nurses' presenteeism and job stressors. SPSS 21.0 statistical package was used to organize and analyze the data. Independent sample t-test and ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis were used. Results For the 349 nurses, the score of presenteeism was(3.25±0.73) points. Presenteeism behavior score of married nurses was higher than that of the unmarried nurses; presenteeism behavior scores of different titles were different (t=2.655, F=2.830;P<0.05). The score of job stressors was (2.50±0.49) points, which belonged to the medium level. Correlation analysis showed that work environment, interpersonal management had no correlation with presenteeism behavior(P> 0.05) and the other relations between the two variables was positive (P< 0.05). Patient care, time allocation and workload, nursing profession and work had predictive effect on presenteeism behavior (P< 0.05). Conclusions The stressors of nurses in this study are at medium level. The stressors of nurses affect their presenteeism. Nursing managers should take measures to prevent and interfere with the stressors of nurses,reduce the frequency of nurses' presenteeism, promote their physical and mental health and improve the quality of nursing.%目的 调查护士的出勤主义行为与工作压力源现状,探讨护士出勤主义行为与工作压力源的相关性.方法 2017年1—5月采用方便抽样方法选择河南省某三甲医院的380名女护士,采用护士工作压力源量表和出勤主义行为问卷对护士工作压力源和出勤主义行为进行调查.共发放380份问卷,筛选后有效问卷为349份.采用SPSS21.0统计软件包进行数据整理和分析,采用独立样本t检验、方差分析、Pearson相关分析、多元线性回归分析.结果 349名护士出勤主义行为得分为(3.25±0.73)分;已婚护士的出勤主义行为得分高于未婚护士,不同职称护士出勤主义行为得分差异均有统计学意义(t=2.655,F=2.830;P<0.05);护士工作压力源得分为(2.50±0.49)分,处于中度水平;护士出勤主义行为与工作压力源的相关分析显示,除了工作环境、管理人际与出勤主义行为无相关性(P>0.05)外,其他两两变量之间均呈正相关关系(P<0.05).患者护理、时间分配及工作量和护理专业及工作方面对护士出勤主义行为具有预测作用(P<0.05).结论 本研究中护士工作压力属于中度水平,护士工作压力影响其出勤主义行为.护理管理者应采取措施预防和干预护士的工作压力水平,降低护士的出勤主义行为频率,促进其身心健康水平和改善护理质量.