超声与正电子发射型计算机断层成像技术在乳腺癌诊断及淋巴结评估中的应用

摘要

Objective To compare the application of ultrasound and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in diagnosis and lymph node staging of breast cancer. Methods Using automated breast volume scanner (ABVS) and PET/CT examination of 40 lesions in 38 patients, and for comparison with the pathological findings, the diagnostic accuracy of PET/CT and ABVS in breast cancer was comparatively analyzed. Results The sensitivity of ABVS in the diagnosis of breast cancer was 95.65%, the specificity was 70.59%, and the accuracy rate was 85.00%; the sensitivity of PET/CT in the diagnosis of breast cancer was 86.96%, the specificity was 82.35%, and the accuracy rate was 85.00%;the diagnostic sensitivity of their combined application was 86.96%, the specificity was 94.12%, and the accuracy rate was 90.00%. In 10 cases of breast cancer patients with lymph node metastasis, the sensitivity、specificity and accuracy rate of PET/CT in the diagnosis of metastatic lymph nodes were 90.0%, 92.8%, and 92.1% respectively; the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy rate of ultrasound in the diagnosis of metastatic lymph nodes were 70.0%, 96.4% and 89.5%, respectively. Conclusions The ABVS and PET/CT are both effective approaches in the diagnosis of breast cancer. Their combined application may significantly improve the specificity and accuracy of diagnosis. For patients with lymph node metastases, the sensitivity of PET/CT for lymph node metastases was high and conducive to clinical staging, which is an important implication in guiding the choice of clinical treatment and prognosis of patients.%目的 比较超声与正电子发射型计算机断层成像(PET/CT)技术在乳腺癌早期诊断中的应用价值.方法 选取2014年2月至12月在北京协和医院行乳腺病变切除活检术的患者38例,共40个病灶,分别行超声及PET/CT检查,以病理诊断为"金标准"分别统计自动乳腺全容积成像系统(ABVS)及PET/CT的敏感度、特异度、准确性、假阳性、假阴性、阳性及阴性预测值.结果 超声对乳腺癌诊断的敏感度95.65%、特异度70.59%、准确性85.00%;PET/CT技术对乳腺癌诊断的敏感度86.96%、特异度82.35 %、准确性85.00 %;两者联合应用的诊断敏感度86.96%、特异度94.12%、准确性90.00%.10例乳腺癌淋巴结转移的患者中,PET/CT技术对转移淋巴结诊断的敏感度、特异度及准确性分别为90.0%、92.8%、92.1%,超声对转移淋巴结诊断的敏感度、特异度及准确性分别为70.0%、96.4 %、89.5%.结论 超声与PET/CT检查对乳腺癌的诊断均为有效的方法.两者联合应用可显著提高诊断的特异度与准确性.PET/CT对淋巴结转移灶敏感度较高,有利于临床分期,对临床治疗方案的选择及患者的预后有重要意义.