目的探讨PET/CT偶发甲状腺局灶性FDG高代谢灶摄取程度对甲状腺良恶性疾病的鉴别诊断价值。资料与方法回顾性分析40例PET/CT意外探测到甲状腺局灶性高代谢灶的病例，依据病理及随访结果将其分为生理性摄取组18例、良性病变组16例和恶性病变组6例，比较各组病灶最大标准摄取值（SUVmax）的差异，并应用ROC曲线分析SUVmax判断甲状腺良恶性病变的价值。结果生理性摄取组、良性病变组、恶性病变组的SUVmax分别为3.7±1.1、4.9±2.3、9.5±4.8，3组比较差异有统计学意义（F=13.070, P<0.01）；恶性病变组的SUVmax明显高于生理性摄取组和良性病变组（P<0.05），生理性摄取组和良性病变组间SUVmax差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示，当SUVmax为8.5时，对甲状腺恶性病灶的诊断灵敏度及特异度分别为100.0%和87.2%。结论18F-FDG PET/CT在甲状腺病灶的良恶性鉴别诊断上有重要价值，但其对生理性摄取和良性病变的鉴别价值不大。%Purpose To investigate the significance of PET/CT in differential diagnosis of incidental thyroid benign or malignant lesions with high fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake.Materials and Methods Forty cases with focal high FDG uptake lesion in thyroid accidently detected by PET/CT were retrospectively collected. The subjects were dived into physiological uptake group (n=18), benign lesion group (n=16) and malignant lesion group (n=6) according to the pathology or follow-up examinations. The average SUVmax of different groups was analyzed, and ROC curve was used todetect benign or malignant lesions.Results The average SUVmax was 3.7±1.1 in physiological uptake group, 4.9±2.3 in benign lesion group and 9.5±4.8 in malignant lesion group. Significant difference was noticed among the three groups. The average SUVmax in malignant lesion group was higher than that of the other two groups with statistical difference (P<005). No significant difference was observed between physiological uptake group and benign lesion group (P>0.05). ROC analysis showed that the sensitivity and specificity for thyroid malignant tumor were 100.0% and 87.2% at SUVmax of 8.5.Conclusion18F-FDG PET/CT plays an important role in differentiating benign lesions of thyroid from malignance, but it is not helpful to identify benign lesions from physiologic uptake.
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