淋巴瘤累及不同区域浅表淋巴结的声像图特征及病理类型分析

摘要

目的 对比淋巴瘤累及不同区域浅表淋巴结的声像图,探讨其与病理类型的关系.方法 回顾分析141例淋巴瘤的声像图,累及部位分为颈部组和腋窝与腹股沟组两组,比较淋巴结长径与短径比值(L/S比值)、门髓质区消失或存在及其形态、皮质回声是否均匀及其类型、血流类型,并与病理类型进行对比观察.结果 共选取341个浅表淋巴结,两组间除L/S比值差异无统计学意义外,其他3项指标差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01),且均与病理类型无显著相关.颈部组淋巴结门髓质区消失的比例明显高于腋窝及腹股沟组(P＜0.05),且淋巴结的门髓质区存在时,其门髓质区形态纤细的比例亦高于腋窝及腹股沟组(P＜0.05)；颈部组皮质回声不均匀的比例略高于腋窝及腹股沟组(P＞0.05),表现为低回声背景下见点状、点及条状、网格状或絮状稍高回声分布；颈部组的血流以混合型及淋巴门型多见,腋窝及腹股沟组则以淋巴门型多见.结论 淋巴瘤累及浅表淋巴结声像图的差异主要与淋巴结所在解剖区域有关,而与病理类型无显著相关.%Objective To observe the ultrasonic features of superficial lymph nodes involved by lymphoma in different anatomic regions and to explore the correlation with pathological types of lymphoma. Methods The ultrasonograms of 141 patients with lymphoma were reviewed. The involved superficial lymph nodes were divided into cervical group, axillary and inguinal group. Their L/S ratio, echogenic hilus (absent or present) and type, echcogenic cortex (homogeneous or heterogeneous) and type, as well as vascular type were assessed and compared with pathological types. Results There were 341 involved superficial lymph nodes. Except for L/S ratio, there were statistical differences of the other three indexes between the two groups (all P<0. 01), but no correlation existed between these differences and pathological types. The percentage of absent hilus in cervical group was obviously higher than that in axillary and inguinal group (P<0. 05). As for nodes with present hilus, the percentage of thin hilus in cervical group was also higher than that in axillary and inguinal group (P <0. 05). The percentage of heterogeneous cortex in cervical group was slightly higher than in axillary and inguinal group (P>0. 05), appearing as spot, spot and line, reticular or flocculent hyperechoic echo in the hypoechoic cortex. Mixed or hilar vascular type were common in the cervical group, while in the axillary and inguinal groups hilar type was common. Conclusion The differences of ultrasonic features of superficial lymph nodes involved by lymphoma are related with anatomic regions, but not with their pathological types.