我国住院医师规范化培训现状的文献研究

摘要

Objective To sum up the status and existing problems of standardized training of resident physician in China,and to promote residency standardized training.Methods With "essay"as retrieving items,"resident" + standardization training as the search term,all relevant papers published in CNKI from January 2004 to January 2014 with a title containing residency standardized training were reviewed.By means of literature analysis,the literature in 8 aspects was classified including the year of publication,status of journal,training base selection conditions,training objects and training time,content,specialist fields,management,assessment methods and shortages.Excel was used to make descriptive analysis of the results.Results After elimination,we took 152 papers as experimental group.In detail,12 literatures about training base selection conditions demonstrated that the level and type of hospital was the main criteria for training base;28 literatures about training objects and training time indicated that trainees were oriented to the pattern of "5+3",the latitude of PhD and Masters could be decreased properly; 36 literatures about training content focused on clinical skills and expertise.Only 19 literatures was concerned with specialist fields,which needed enriching.12 articles about management implemented management of supervisor responsibility system.22 literatures about the assessment method recommend that priority should be given to clinical skills examination to explore the hospital problems of resident standardization training.Conclusion The standardized training of resident physician has been carried out in China,but there are still some problems which need to be further improved.%目的 总结我国住院医师规范化培训现状及存在的问题,为住院医师规范化培训的开展提供参考.方法 以“篇名”为检索项,以“住院医师+规范化培训”为检索词,查询2004年1月至2014年1月“中国期刊全文数据库”(CNKI)收录的所有相关论文.采用文献分析法分别从文献发表年限和收录期刊现状、培训基地选拔条件、培训对象与培养年限、培训内容、培训专科领域、管理方式、考核方式、存在的不足8个方面对文献进行归类.利用Excel对结果进行描述性分析.结果 筛选后纳入文献152篇.培训基地选拔条件相关文献(12篇)主要考虑医院的级别与类型;培训对象与培养年限相关文献(28篇)以“5+3”模式为主,硕士及博士可适当减少;培训内容相关文献(36篇)主要集中于临床技能和专业知识的探讨;专科领域相关文献(19篇)研究较少,需要进一步丰富;管理方式相关文献(12篇)主要推行导师责任制管理;考核方式相关文献以临床技能考核为主;探讨各医院住院医师规范化培训存在问题的文献有22篇.结论 我国住院医师规范化培训已在全国开展,但仍然存在一些问题,有待于进一步完善.