肝功能评价体系现状和研究进展

摘要

肝脏是人体最重要的器官之一,参与物质的合成代谢、解毒灭活、生物转化、凝血物质的生成和消除、胆汁的分泌与排泄等复杂的生物学过程.当肝脏出现病变时,会对人体健康产生极大威胁,因此建立一个全面、客观的肝功能评价体系对临床医生在个体化治疗方案的选择以及预后的判断中具有重要价值.随着医学的发展,除了传统的生物化学指标及肝功能评分模型等肝功能评价方法外,肝储备功能的量化、功能性肝体积的影像学测定以及肝功能损伤后的再生能力评估也越来越受到临床医生的重视.本文就目前临床中肝功能评价体系的现状及进展进行综述.%Liver is one of the most important organs which participates in many complicated biochemical processes,including anabolism and biotransformation of chemical substances,production and inactivation of coagulation material,and secretion and excretion of bile.It would pose a great threat to human health when liver lesions occur.Therefore,the comprehensive and impersonal evaluation systems of liver function have important value on individualized treatment selection and prognosis estimation.Following medical improvements,estimation systems of liver function has been enriched.Except for traditional blood biochemical indexes and scoring model,the newly estimation methods is catching more and more concerns of clinicians,such as quantification of liver reserve function,measurement of the liver functional volume by imaging and evaluation of liver regeneration after damage.In this article,current status and research progress on evaluation systems of liver function will be reviewed.