埃博拉病毒病的实验室诊断方法

摘要

病毒基因组、病毒抗原、抗病毒抗体、病毒培养与鉴定等埃博拉病毒病原学和血清学检测是确认或排除埃博拉病毒感染的实验室诊断标准方法，同时，血常规、肝肾功能、电解质和凝血功能等辅助诊断检测项目对于埃博拉病毒病的临床诊治具有重要指导意义。本文就作者在中国埃博拉治疗中心的工作实践和文献复习，详细探讨了上述实验室诊断项目在埃博拉病毒病临床诊治中的临床意义及其流程中需遵循的生物安全防护要点。（中华检验医学杂志，2015，38：361-363）%Etiological and serological testing, including virus genome, virus antigen, anti-virus antibodies, virus culture and identification, were the standard laboratory tests to confirm or exclude Ebola virus infections.Moreover, other laboratory tests, such as blood routine tests, liver and kidney function tests, serum electrolyte tests, and coagulation function tests, were very important to the clinical diagnosis and treatment of Ebola virus disease ( EVD) patients.Based on working experiences and practices in the China Ebola Treatment Center and available publications, opinions about the detailed clinical significance and associated key point of biosafty prevention and protection protocols of above described laboratory tests for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of EVD were provided.