目的：探讨合并心脏病的孕产妇发生心力衰竭的危险因素。方法回顾分析2008年1月至2013年12月于内江市第一人民医院住院的340例合并心脏病的孕产妇（以下简称“心脏病孕产妇”）的临床资料，以孕产期发生心力衰竭患者为观察组，同期未发生心力衰竭的心脏病孕产妇为对照组。采用单因素和多因素Logistic逐步回归法分析心脏病孕产妇发生心力衰竭的危险因素。结果340例心脏病孕产妇中先天性心脏病132例（38.8%）、风湿性心脏瓣膜病86例（25.3%）、心律失常63例（18.5%）、高血压心脏病33例（9.7%）、围生期心肌病26例（7.6%）。65例（19.1%）患者发生心力衰竭，4例（1.2%）患者死亡。多因素Logistic逐步回归分析：年龄≥35岁、孕前NYHA心功能分级≥Ⅱ级、肺动脉压力＞50 mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa）、基础心率＞100次/min、孕前发生心脏事件是心脏病孕产妇发生心力衰竭的独立危险因素，而孕前咨询和产前规律检查是其保护性因素。结论心脏病孕产妇发生心力衰竭受多种因素影响，在临床工作中应针对相应危险因素给予积极的干预措施，以减少心力衰竭的发生。%Objective To investigate the risk factors for heart failure in pregnant women with heart disease. Methods A retrospective analysis was made from 340 cases of pregnant women with heart disease in our hospital from January 2008 to December 2013. The pregnant women who presented heart failure were categorized in the observation group (n=65), and others were in the control group (n=275). Data was used to analyze by univariate and multivariate logistic regression for heart failure in pregnant women with heart disease. Results The total 340 cases of heart disease included 132(38.8%) of congenital heart disease, 86(25.3%) of rheumatic heart disease, 63(18.5%) of arrhythmia, 33(9.7%) of hypertensive heart disease and 26(7.6%) of peripartum cardiomyopathy. 65 cases (65/340, 19.1%) presented with heart failure, there were 4 cases resulted in death (1.2%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age≥35, the baseline parameters of New York Heart Academy (NYHA)≥Ⅱ, pulmonary artery pressure>50 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), baseline heart rate>100 bpm, cardiac events occurred before pregnancy were the independent risk factors for heart failure. Prenatal counseling and antenatal examination were the protective factors for heart failure. Conclusions There are a variety of influencing factors for the heart failure in pregnant women with heart disease. It is necessary to take targeted intervention measures in response to the influencing factors so as to reduce the development of heart failure.
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