重型颅脑损伤患者动态血糖监测的临床意义

摘要

Objective To investigate the clinicial significance of continuous glucose monitoring(CGM)of patients with severe traumatic brain injury(sTBI). Methods By glucose monitoring method,80 patients with sTBI〔Glasgow coma score(GCS)3-8〕in Department of Critical Care Medicine of Qingyuan People's Hospital in Guangdong Province from January 2012 to December 2012 were divided into two groups:41 patients in CGM group and 39 in regular glucose monitoring(RGM)group. The continuous glucose monitoring system(CGMS)was applied to monitor glucose level in the CGM group,and the finger blood was taken by portable blood glucose meter in the RGM group. The two groups were treated with insulin on the basis of glucose level,respectively. The relationships between the condition of glycemic excursions and the acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ)score or prognosis and between the incidence of hypoglycemia and prognosis were seen in the two groups. Results The close linear correlations between APACHEⅡ score and glycemic excursion in two groups,i.e. mean amplitude of glycemic excursions(MAGE)and coefficient of variation of glucose(GluCV),were documented(both P<0.05). The MAGE of the especially severe patients(GCS 3-5)was obviously higher than that of severe ones(GCS 6-8),and with the increase of APACHEⅡ score,the MAGE of patients was gradually elevated,the difference being statistically significant(both P<0.05). The incidence of hypoglycemia(7.32%vs. 23.08%)and fatality rate of 30 days(12.20%vs. 30.77%)in CGM group were lower than those of RGM group(both P<0.05). The MAGE and fatality rate of 30 days were positively correlated in CGM group(r=0.597,P=0.007),and the GLuCV and fatality rate of 30 days were positively correlated in RGM group(r=0.622,P=0.019). Conclusion CGM is beneficial to timely observe condition of glycemic excursions in sTBI patients and avoid occurrence of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia,guiding the treatment of insulin and improving patients' prognosis.%目的：探讨重型颅脑损伤患者进行动态血糖监测的临床意义。方法选取2012年1月至12月广东省清远市人民医院重症医学科诊断为重型颅脑损伤〔格拉斯哥昏迷评分（GCS）3～8分〕患者80例，按血糖监测方法分为动态血糖监测组（41例）及常规血糖监测组（39例）。动态血糖监测组采用动态血糖监测系统（CGMS）监测血糖，常规血糖监测组运用便携式血糖仪采集指尖血定时监测血糖；两组患者分别根据血糖监测情况进行胰岛素治疗。分析两组患者血糖波动情况、低血糖发生情况与患者急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ（APACHEⅡ）评分及预后的关系。结果两组患者血糖波动〔平均血糖波动幅度（MAGE）及血糖变异系数（GluCV）〕均与APACHEⅡ评分相关。特重型（GCS 3~5分）患者的MAGE明显高于重型（GCS 6~8分）的患者，而随着APACHEⅡ评分的增加，患者MAGE逐渐升高，差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。动态监测组低血糖发生率（7.32%比23.08%）及30 d病死率（12.20%比30.77%）均低于常规监测组（均P＜0.05）。动态监测组MAGE与30 d病死率呈正相关（r＝0.597，P＝0.007）；常规监测组GluCV与30 d病死率呈正相关（r＝0.622，P＝0.019）。结论动态血糖监测，可及时反映重症患者血糖波动情况，避免低血糖及高血糖的发生，并指导胰岛素治疗，改善患者预后。