新生儿健康状况与孕早中期准父母中医体质分型关系研究

摘要

Objective To investigate the relationship between neonatal health and TCM constitution types of early to mid-pregnancy expectant parents;To provide basis for the targeted interventions for couples of childbearing age before pregnancy-periconceptional TCM constitution. Methods Compiling scales for pregnant couple’ TCM constitution type assessment and postpartum visits to newborns, the research team got access to the information of neonatal physical problems, constitutions and changes of 675 babies’ father and mother who had established maternal manual from April, 2012 to March, 2013 at the Sanlin Community Health Center of Pudong District of Shanghai. Results Early to mid-pregnancy expectant parents mainly had peace constitution type. In detail, 55% of pregnant women had gentle constitution type, while others mainly had qi deficiency, yang deficiency and damp-heat constitution types;76% expectant fathers got peace constitution, while others mainly got damp-heat, yin deficiency and qi deficiency constitution types. Marital pregnancy physique did not change significantly. Compared with the peace constitution type, newborns, whose fathers got damp-heat constitution type, had higher risk of jaundice, and whose mothers got yin deficiency, the babies had higher risk of spits (P<0.05). The constitution types of expectant parents did not have obvious combined action on neonatal health. Conclusion There is a certain relationship between neonatal health and TCM constitution types of early to mid-pregnancy expectant parents. It is necessary to distinguish constitution types of prospective parents, and thus to take targeted health interventions.%目的：探讨孕早中期准父母双方中医体质与新生儿健康状况的关系，为针对性地进行育龄夫妇孕前-围孕期中医体质干预提供依据。方法采用本课题组编制的孕期夫妇中医体质评估量表和新生儿产后访视量表，选取2012年4月－2013年3月在上海市浦东新区三林社区卫生服务中心建立孕妇手册的675例妊娠妇女及其配偶，对其体质类型变化及新生儿健康情况进行调查。结果孕早中期准父母体质均以平和质为主。孕妇平和质约为55%，偏颇体质以气虚质、阳虚质和湿热质为主；准父亲平和质约为76%，偏颇体质以湿热质、阴虚质和气虚质为主。孕早期和中期准父母体质均无明显变化。与平和质比较，湿热质父亲其新生儿发生黄疸的风险较高，阴虚质母亲其新生儿发生吐奶的风险较高(P＜0.05)。孕早中期准父母体质对新生儿健康问题的共同作用不明显。结论孕期准父母体质与新生儿健康存在一定相关关系，有必要区分准父母体质，进而有针对性地进行健康干预。