Objective To investigate the antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of Stapylococcus collected from hospitals in several regions of China. Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted in 14 general hospitals of China according to a unified protocol. Results Of the 7 530 clinical isolates of Stapylococcus, S. aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylo-coccus (CNS) accounted for 59. 1% and 40. 9%, respectively. The major CNS species were S. epidermidis (21.6%), S. hominis (7.3%) and S. haemolyticus (4.5%), mainly isolated from blood and sterile body fluids. The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains was 51. 7% (11.5% to 77. 6%) in S. aureus and 74. 8% (62. 7% to 95. 5%) in CNS. About 60% of the MRSA strains were susceptible to fosfomycin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. About 68. 7% and 87. 8% of the MRCNS strains were still susceptible to fosfomycin and rifampin, respectively. The prevalence of MRSA and MRCNS in ICU was the highest. No glycopeptides- or linezolid-resistant strains were identified. Conclusions MRSA and MRCNS was relatively prevalent in the hospital setting of China, espicially in the special units of some hospitals. The resistance rate of Staphylococcus varied widely with geographical regions and hospitals. More attention should be paid to the detection of hVISA and VRSA.%目的 了解国内不同地区医院葡萄球菌属细菌临床分离株对抗菌药物的耐药性.方法 中国14所综合性医院,按统一方案进行葡萄球菌属细菌的耐药性监测和分析.结果 7 530株葡萄球菌属细菌临床分离株中,金葡菌占59.1％；凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌占40.9％(均分离自血液和无菌体液).后者中有表皮葡萄球菌(21.6％)、人型葡萄球菌(7.3％)和溶血葡萄球菌(4.5％)等.金葡菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌中耐甲氧西林菌株分别占51.7％(11.5％～77.6％)和74.8％ (62.7％00～95.5％).60％以上的甲氧西林耐药金葡菌(MRSA)对磷霉素和甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲(啞)唑敏感.甲氧西林耐药凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)中分别有68.7％和87.8％菌株对磷霉素和利福平敏感.重症监护病房患者中,MRSA和MRCNS检出率最高,尤其在某些医院中的某些科室有相对集中趋势.未发现对糖肽类抗生素和利奈唑胺耐药的菌株.结论 国内临床上甲氧西林耐药葡萄球菌属的检出率较高,细菌对抗菌药物的耐药率不同医院和地区间存在较大的差异,须重视对异质性万古霉素耐药金葡菌(hVISA)和万古霉素耐药金葡菌(VRSA)的检测.
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