220例矽肺病患者的生存质量及其影响因素

摘要

Objective To investigate the quality of life and influencing factors for patients with silicosis and to provide a basis for treatment of silicosis.Methods Two hundred and twenty stone workers with silicosis from June 1999 to June 2014 were enrolled into observation group,while healthy stone workers within the same period were used as controls.The quality of life was evaluated using the Chinese version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL-100),and the influencing factors were determined using stepwise multivariate regression analysis.Results The scores for psychological function,physiological,independence,spiritual realm,the overall quality of life,and physical condition in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (t=7.1168,P＜0.05; t=3.8165,P＜0.05; t=5.9230,P＜0.05; t=2.7764,P＜0.05; t=3.0761,P＜0.05).The scores for 11 items including pain,discomfort,energy,fatigue,sleep,and rest in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05).Negative emotions,silicosis stage,recreation,age,reliance on health care,pain,discomfort,and spiritual beliefs were all influencing factors for the quality of life,which resulted in 68.3％ of variation in the quality of life.Conclusion Besides clinical treatment,health and psychological education and recreation are important for patients with silicosis to improve their quality of life.%目的 通过对220例矽肺病患者的生存质量及其影响因素进行分析,为尘肺病患者的治疗与康复提供参考.方法 收集1999年6月至2014年6月确诊的220例石雕工人矽肺病患者为观察组,同时选取同期石雕工人健康者为对照组;采用世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表中文版(WHOQOL-100)评价其生存质量,采用多元逐步回归分析法对有关影响因素进行分析.结果 观察组生理功能、心理、独立性及精神领域和总的生活质量及健康状况分数均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=7.1168、3.8165、5.9230、2.7764、3.0761,P＜0.05);观察组疼痛及不适、精力及疲倦、睡眠与休息等11个方面评分均明显低于对照组(P＜0.05);消极情绪、矽肺分期、休闲娱乐参与、年龄、对医疗的依赖、疼痛及不适、精神信仰是影响生存质量的因素,且生存质量的变异有68.3％是由这些因素引起的.结论 在对矽肺病患者进行治疗的同时,应重视健康及心理教育,鼓励其多参加休闲娱乐活动,有利于患者生存质量的提高.