吸烟对男性精液中抗精子抗体及精子形态的影响

摘要

Objectives:To survey the male smoking status,to detect anti -sperm and antibodies content and sperm morphology,to investigate the effect of smoking on semen quality and its possible mechanism.Methods:A cohort study was used.The research objects with the habit of smoking were in exposure group,while objects with no smoking habit was in control group;according to the amount of daily cigarette smoking,the exposure group was divided into group A,B and C.According to the duration of smoking,they were divided into short -term and long-term groups.The questionnaire survey was conducted in all the objects before the examination,and the content of sperm antibodies and sperm morphology of semen were examined.Two independent sample t -tests were used to compare the measurement data;chi square test was used to compare count data.Results:The positive rate of the exposure group was significantly higher than that of control group (P <0.05).The overall positive rate of daily smoking and smoking with different duration were significantly higher than those in control group (P <0.05).The TZI of control group was 1.26 ±0.101,SDI was 0.91 ±0.107,TZI of exposure group was 1.28 ±0.124,SDI was 1.06 ±0.131,TZI and SDI of exposure group was significantly higher than those of control group (P <0.05). Comparing with the control group,the difference of TZI and SDI of exposure group A and short -term group between those of control group was not statistically significant;TZI and SDI of other exposure groups were significantly higher than those of control group (P <0.05).Conclusion:Smoking may affect the content of anti -sperm antibody and increase anti -sperm antibody positive rate,which can cause adverse effects on the sperm morphology and sperm de-formity,which may affect the male reproductive ability and need further exploration on its mechanism.%目的：通过调查男性吸烟情况并检测其精液中抗精子抗体含量及精子形态，探讨吸烟对精液质量的影响及其可能的机制。方法：采用队列研究法，研究对象有吸烟习惯的为暴露组，无吸烟习惯的为对照组；其中暴露组根据每日吸烟量再分为 A、B、C 三组，根据吸烟持续时间分为短期组及长期组。所有对象均在检查前进行问卷调查，并进行精液精子抗体含量及精子形态的检查。采用两独立样本 t －检验比较计量资料；χ2检验比较计数资料。结果：暴露各组阳性检出率显著高于对照组（P ＜0.05）。不同每日吸烟量及吸烟持续时间的研究对象总体阳性检出率均显著高于对照组（P ＜0.05）。对照组研究对象 TZI 为1.26±0.101、SDI 为0.91±0.107，暴露组 TZI 为1.28±0.124、SDI 为1.06±0.131，暴露组 TZI、SDI 显著高于对照组（P ＜0.05）。暴露组 A 组及短期组 TZI、SDI 与对照组相比，差异无统计学意义；其他暴露组别 TZI、SDI 显著高于对照组（P ＜0.05）。结论：吸烟可能会影响男性体内抗精子抗体的含量，增高抗精子抗体阳性检出率，能够会对精子形态造成不利影响，造成精子畸形，从而可能影响男性的生殖能力，需要进一步探究其机制。