基于 Andersen 模型的居民对基本药物使用偏好的相关因素研究

摘要

Objective To analyze the correlation factors that promote or impede the residents to preferentially use essential medicines.Methods Adopting stratified random sampling method,1 700 households selected from 5 cities of Shandong province were investigated with a questionnaire.The framework of Andersen behavior model of health service utilization was used as the framework,with such methods as descriptive analysis and univariate logistic regression models for the analysis and evaluation of relevant information.Results The residents′ tendency factor,ability factor and environmental factor influence their preference to use essential medicines,while the requirement factor plays a minimal role.There was a significant difference for the preference of combined medication,first visit preference and self-medication experience,the efficacy and policy response of essential medicine from logistic regression analysis.Conclusion At present,the government should focus on the construction of the formation mechanism of the residents′drug use behavior and the policy response mechanism of essential medicine system.%目的：分析影响居民对基本药物使用偏好的相关因素。方法采用分层随机抽样方法，按经济发展水平在山东省抽取济南、济宁、临沂、德州与日照5个市，每个城市随机抽取340户居民，应用自行编制问卷进行面访调查。以 Andersen 卫生服务利用行为模型为研究框架，运用描述性分析、非条件 logistic 回归模型等方法对收集的数据进行分析与评价。结果Andersen 模型中的倾向因素、能力因素与环境因素对居民基本药物使用偏好产生了影响，需要因素影响不显著。logistic 回归结果显示，居民偏爱联合用药、首诊取向、自我药疗经历、基本药物疗效以及基本药物政策回应程度等变量，影响了居民对基本药物的使用偏好(P <0.05)。结论我国居民用药行为形成机制与基本药物政策回应机制建设，是当前政府亟需关注的重点。