全面二孩政策下贵阳市三级医院护理人力资源管理现状调查

摘要

Objective To understand the current situation of nursing human resources at tertiary hospitals in Guiyang city , and to recommend on strategies for nursing human resource management under the universal two-child policy .Methods Stratified sampling method was adopted , and 141 head nurses were sampled from 5 tertiary hospitals in Guiyang city for a customized questionnaires survey .The survey aimed at learning the nursing human resource allocation and work scheduling model in the face of growing number of pregnant and puerperal nurses .Results The 141 departments surveyed in Guiyang tertiary hospitals had a total of 2667 nurses and 6604 beds, with a nurse-bed ratio of 0.4:1 for the hospital in general , but only 34.1％of the departments reached this standard .The number of second-time pregnant nurses and second-time maternity leave nurses posed a significant impact on nursing human resource management (P<0.05). Conclusions Currently tertiary hospitals in Guiyang city seriously lack nursing human resource and the allocation was uneven .With the implementation of the universal two-child policy , the increased number of pregnant and maternity leave nurses placed a great pressure to clinical departments , It is recommended that nursing managers increase the number of nurses , raise bed-nurse ratio up to national requirements , recruit and retain male nurses , call back retired and capable nurses , and minimize factors affecting human resource stability;establish a survey mechanism to learn nurses fertility intention , avoid excessive concentration of pregnant nurses over the same period , and make a reasonable scheduling , for nursing quality stability .%目的 调查并分析贵阳市三级医院护理人力资源及管理的现状和存在的问题,并为全面二孩政策下的护理人力资源管理策略提出建议.方法 2016年12月至2017年2月,采用分层抽样法选取贵阳市5家三级医院的护士长为研究对象,对临床一线科室符合纳入标准的141名护士长进行横断面问卷调查,调查的主要内容为医院护理人力资源配置情况及孕产期护士增多时采取的排班方式.结果 贵阳市三级医院被调查的141个科室共有2667名护士,总床位数为6604张,全院护士与实际开放床位比为0.4:1,但仅34.1％的科室达到该标准,其中调查期间二孩孕、产期护士占比为4.7％,二孩孕期及产假护士数量对护理人力资源管理有显著影响(P<0.05).结论 目前贵阳市三级医院护理人力资源配置严重不足,且配置不均.全面二孩政策实施以后,孕产期护士数量的持续增加给护理人力资源管理带来极大压力.建议护理管理者按国家标准配置护士,增加并留住男护士,返聘热爱护理工作的退休护士,削弱人力资源的不稳定因素;建立护士生育意愿调查机制,避免同一时段孕产期护士过度集中,合理排班以稳定护理质量.