肝细胞-胆管细胞混合型肝癌的诊治进展

摘要

Combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma (HCC-CC) is a unique primary epithelial tumor of the liver classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a tumor containing elements of both hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CC).The clinical diagnosis is established by histopathology and a firm pathological diagnosis from definitive evidence of HCC and CC differentiation.HCC-CC's clinical features tend to resemble hepatocellular carcinoma in regards to venous infiltration and like cholangiocarcinoma with respect to lymph node metastasis.To date,the biological behavior of HCC-CC remains ill-defined; however its prognosis seems to be worse than just HCC.Conversely,it is unclear whether the prognosis of HCC-CC is better than that of only ICC.This paper reviews recent studies on the clinicopathological behavior of HCC-CC.%肝细胞-胆管细胞混合型肝癌(HCC-CC)是一少见的特殊类型的原发性肝癌.根据WHO肿瘤分类定义,HCC-CC为肝细胞癌与胆管细胞癌共存于同一肝脏同一瘤体中.在HCC-CC中,两种肿瘤成分的并存比例及形式存在高度异质性.确定性HCC-CC病理诊断,必须建立在明确的HCC和CC分化证据之上,通常可借助于免疫组化、粘液染色和电镜检查等手段.根据临床症状不能作出HCC-CC诊断,其影像学表现亦无特征性.虽然部分病例可出现AFP和CA19-9同时升高,但确诊仍有待术后病理诊断.HCC-CC的临床特点,既类似HCC常合并肝炎病毒和门静脉癌栓,又像ICC具有血供差、淋巴结转移等特点.HCC-CC的预后一般较HCC差,但与ICC相比结论不一.本文对HCC-CC近年来的诊治进展作一综述.