供电职业人群体检指标与心血管疾病危险因素相关性研究

摘要

Objective To explore the relation of physical indicators to cardiovascular risk factors in occupation population of power transmission workplace to provide evidence for their health management.Methods A cross-section study was carried out in Beijing,Tangshan and Zhangjiakou.Multi-phase,stratified,unequal proportional and cluster sampling was adopted to investigate occupation population of power transmission workplace aged 18-60 years.Two sample or multiple samples were compared using x2 test.Multivariate linear regression was used for data analysis.Results In Beijing,Tangshan and Zhangjiakou,the distribution rate of overweight,obesity,high systolic blood pressure,high systolic blood pressure,high diastolic blood pressure,high diastolic blood pressure,impaired fasting glucose,fasting blood glucose,high total cholesterol,abnormal cholesterol,high triglyceride,abnormal triglyceride,high lowdensity lipoprotein,abnormal low-density lipoprotein,reduced high-density lipoprotein,abnormal interleukin,abnormal alanine transaminase and abnormal creatinine were 38.9％,9.7％,30.1％,17.4％,34.8％,24.4％,7.1％,6.6％,19.8％,7.9％,17.2％,21.8％,14.5％,3.8％,15％,2.7％,6.7％ and 4.6％,respectively.In multivariable liner regression analysis,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,BMI,fasting blood glucose,triglyceride,total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein and alanine aminotransferase were significantly related to several risk factors of chronic disease.Conclusion The abnormal rate of physical indicators in occupation population aged 18-60 years was high.Health management for power supply occupation population should be strongly advocated.%目的 通过描述供电职业人群身体健康状况,探讨体检指标与心血管疾病危险因素的相关性,为供电职业人群健康管理提供理论依据.方法 采用流行病学横断面研究方法对北京市、河北省唐山市、张家口市220 kV及以上电压等级输变电作业场所18～60岁2 782名(男性1 830名,女性952名)供电职业人群身体健康状况和生活方式进行了问卷调查和体格检查.两样本或多样本率的比较采用x2检验.多因素分析采用多变量线性回归.结果 本组供电职业人群超重检出率为38.9％;肥胖检出率为9.7％;收缩压高值检出率为30.1％;高收缩压检出率为17.4％;舒张压高值检出率为34.8％;高舒张压检出率为24.4％;空腹血糖受损率为7.1％;空腹血糖异常率为6.6％;总胆固醇边缘升高率为19.8％;总胆固醇异常率为7.9％;三酰甘油边缘升高率为17.2％;三酰甘油异常率为21.8％;低密度脂蛋白边缘升高率为14.5％;低密度脂蛋白异常率是3.8％;高密度脂蛋白减低率为15.0％;白细胞异常率是2.7％;丙氨酸转氨酶异常率为6.7％;肌酐异常率为4.6％.多因素线性回归结果显示:收缩压、舒张压、体质指数、空腹血糖、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白和丙氨酸转氨酶均与多种心血管疾病的危险因素相关.结论 220 kV及以上电压等级输变电作业场所供电职业人群心血管疾病危险因素边缘增高值和异常率均较高,对该职业人群进行有针对性的健康管理具有重要的公共卫生意义.