目的：通过对黑诊所周边居民调查研究，进一步分析无证行医存在的原因及影响因素，为建立完善非法行医综合治理长效机制提供政策咨询。方法以问卷调查的方法共收集到黑诊所周边居民561份调查信息。数据单因素分析采用卡方检验，多因素分析采用多元线性回归。结果561个调查问卷中，有52.9%的人有过黑诊所就医经历。其选择黑诊所就医原因中，居于前三位的分别是离家近方便、正规医院收费高和个人收入低；51.6%的人知晓开展诊疗行为应有行医资质，单因素分析显示对行医资质知晓有统计学意义的特征为职业、学历和月收入；居民对黑诊所危害性知晓程度，有统计学意义的特征为年龄、职业、学历、月收入和居住地；对是否选择黑诊所就医多因素分析显示学历、职业和月收入等特征有统计学意义。结论居民对行医资质不知晓、对黑诊所危害性认识不足是其选择到黑诊所就医的重要原因[1]，在今后的打击非法行医中要注重对群众行医资质的宣传，增强其对黑诊所危害性的认识，引导其选择正规医疗机构就诊。%The essay attempts to make a further analysis of the awareness and influential factors of medical practice without a legal permission based on surveys and researches of residents living near a clinic operated illicitly, and provides policy consultation for establishment and refinement of a long-term comprehensive control system. Questionnaire is taken as the measure in survey. Single-factor analysis of data employs chi-square test while multiple-factor analysis resorts to the method of MLR. According to 561 questionnaires collected from peripheral people, 52.9 percent of residents have sought medical advices from the illegal clinic before. Of the reasons why they choose such kind of clinics, short distance from home, high charge in formal hospitals and low income of their families are ranged top three. 51.6 percent of residents are aware that valid medical qualification is necessary for practicing medicine. According to the single-factor analysis, as for the knowledge of medical qualification, occupation, academic career and monthly income are features that have statisti⁃cal significance;for the awareness of the danger of illegal clinics, the features that have statistical significance are age, oc⁃cupation, educational history, salary and place of residence. In accordance with the multiple-factor analysis, features of ed⁃ucational background, position and monthly income have statistical significance in whether or not people go to the unquali⁃fied clinics. Finally the essay concludes that insufficiency of knowledge on the significance of medical qualification and how harmful the illegal clinics are should be main accounts for people turning to unqualified doctors for help. In fighting against illegal medical practice in future days, significance of medical qualification must get sufficient attention from peo⁃ple. It is also government’s responsibility to lead people to enhance the awareness of the harm the illegal clinics can do to them and guide them to the qualified formal hospital.
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