广东省广州市4类高危人群HIV/AIDS的知信行调查分析

摘要

目的 比较广东省广州市4类高危人群的HIV/AIDS知信行,提出针对不同人群特征的HIV/AIDS防治策略.方法 采用便利抽样方法,对女性性工作者、戒毒人员、男男同性恋、流动人口4类人群进行HIV/AIDS相关知信行调查.结果 4类高危人群艾滋病总体知晓率为60％～70％.MSMs对HIV感染途径知晓率最高,为94.2％.FDAs对HIV非感染途径和预防知识的了解程度最高,知晓率分别为75.5％和58.8％.FSWs对治疗知识的掌握程度最高,知晓率为50.0％.4类人群最近半年与固定性伴性行为时,不足1/3的受调查者坚持每次使用安全套,在FDAs人群中该比例最低(P＜0.01),仅为13.9％.最近一次与固定性伴性行为安全套使用率在各高危人群均不足60％,在FSWs人群中该比例最低(P＜0.01),仅为23.0％.最近半年商业性行为调查显示,8.1％的FSWs人群首次商业性行为时未满18岁；FSWs人群在近半年性行为安全套每次都使用率(75.6％)、最近一次安全套使用率(90.8％)上均高于其他3类人群(P＜0.01).72.9％的MSMs首次性行为对象为男性,近半年与同性(固定性伴或临时性伴)发生肛交行为时,仅有36.8％坚持每次都使用安全套.结论 4类高危人群对艾滋病健康相关知识的掌握不平衡,认知与行为存在分离现象,应针对不同人群提出不同的宣传教育策略和干预措施.%Objective To compare knowledge, attitude and behavior about HIV/AIDS of four high-risk populations in Guangzhou, and develop corresponding preventive strategies. Methods Through the convenience sampling method, a questionnaire suney was conducted of FSWs, FDAs, MSMs and flonting population. Results The general awareness rate about HIV/AIDS knowledge of the four populations varied from 60% to 70%. MSMs had the best knowledge about HIV transmission mode with awareness rate of 94. 2% ; FDAs had the best knowledge about non-transmission mode and prevention with awareness rate of 75. 5% and 58. 8% respectively; FSWs had the best knowledge on therapy with awareness rate of 50. 0%. Proportion of consistently condom use of four populations in non-commercial sexual behavior during the past half year was less than one third, particularly lowest in FDAs (P <0. 01) , accounted for 13. 9%. Proportion of condom use of four populations in the latest non-commercial sexual behavior was less than 60% , particularly lowest in FSWs (P <0. 01) , accounted for 23.0%. In the past half year, 8. 1% of FSWs took the first sexual behavior at the age younger than 18 years old. Proportion of consistently condom use of FSWs in commercial sexual behavior during the past half year was 75. 6% , proportion of condom use in latest sexual behavior was 90. 8% , which were higher than other three populations ( P < 0. 01). 72. 9% of MSMs had their first sex behavior with men. In the past half year, only 36. 8% MSMs constantly used condom when they engaged in anal intercourse with fixed or non-fixed male partner. Conclusion The awareness level of HIV/AIDS knowledge among four high-risk populations varied in different dimension. There are inconsistency between behavior and knowledge. It indicated that strategies should be developed targeting different population.