校外青少年艾滋病危险行为影响因素分析

摘要

目的 了解校外青少年艾滋病危险性行为状况及其影响因素.方法 采用整群抽样方法,在广西、贵州、上海、新疆、云南、重庆六省(市)项目县随机选取15～24岁校外青少年1116人进行问卷调查.结果 调查校外青少年发生过性行为者占38.6%,最近3个月有性行为的占64.3%,发生交易性行为比例将近10%;第一次性行为和最近一次性行为中使用安全套的比例分别为28.9%和55.1%.有7.2%的人使用过冰毒等毒品,其中通过注射方法使用的近50%.分析性行为发生的影响因素,结果显示:年龄越大,性行为发生危险越高;"五小"行业中从事美容美发、洗浴、歌舞厅职业的校外青少年发生性行为的危险高于"非"五小行业,OR值分别为2.0、2.2和1.8;吸烟校外青少年发生性行为的危险是不吸烟者的2倍;饮酒校外青少年发生性行为的危险是不饮酒者的3.2倍.结论 校外青少年发生过性行为比例较高.年龄、职业、吸烟和饮酒行为是性行为发生的危险因素.因此可以通过有针对性的预防策略控制青少年性行为发生率,帮助他们建立正确的性行为方式,从而有效预防青少年感染艾滋病.%Objective To understand AIDS-related risk behaviors and factors. Methods 1116 out-of-school adolescents aged from 15 to 24 years were selected by cluster sampling method and were investigated by questionnaires in the project counties of Guangxi, Guizhou, Shanghai, Xinjiang, Yunnan and Chongqing City (Province). Results 38. 6％ of out-of-school adolescents had sexual behaviors, and 64. 3％ of them had sexual behaviors during the last 3 months, 10. 0％of them had commercial sexual behaviors. The proportions of respondents who used condom in the first sexual behavior and the last sexual behavior were 28. 9％ and 55. 1％ respectively. 7.2％ of out-of-school adolescents used methamphetamine (commonly known as" Ice" ) and about 50％ of them used" Ice" by the path of injection. Analysis of the factors of sexual risk behavior showed that the higher age, the higher risk behavior. The adolescents who worked in small service establishments, including the beauty shops, bathing shops, singing and dancing pub, had higher risk of sexual behavior than the adolescents who worked in other industries ( OR = 2. 0, 2. 2, 1.8). The smoking out-of-school adolescents doubled the risk of sexual behavior of non-smoking adolescents. The drinking out-of-school adolescents had 3.2 times the risk of sexual behavior of non-drinking adolescents. Conclusion The proportion of sexual behavior was high among out-of-school adolescents. Age, occupation, smoking behavior and drinking behavior were the risk factors of sexual behavior. The corresponding preventive strategies should be implemented to reduce the risk sexual behavior of adolescent for AIDS prevention.