武汉市流动儿童和本地儿童营养知识态度行为调查

摘要

目的 了解武汉市流动儿童的营养知识、态度及行为状况,为流动儿童营养促进提供科学依据.方法 整群抽取武汉市2所流动儿童比例较高的小学,对三～六年级全体学生进行问卷调查,问卷主要包括儿童一般情况、营养知识、营养态度以及日常饮食行为等内容.结果 共调查1132名小学生,其中流动儿童772名,本地儿童360名.流动儿童营养知识知晓率为78.5％,与本地儿童(83.5％)相比偏低,差异有统计学意义(x2=4.031,P=0.045);影响其营养知识得分的主要因素有性别(t=2.065,P=0.009)、年龄(F=14.824,P＜0.001).在营养态度以及日常饮食行为方面的差异无统计学意义.2类儿童均存在严重的偏食、零食摄入不恰当以及不吃早餐的不健康饮食行为.结论 武汉市流动儿童和本地儿童均存在营养知识水平低、营养态度良好以及不良饮食行为并存的现象,有必要对其进行营养健康教育,为儿童营造良好、健康的生活环境.%Objective To study the status of nutrition knowledge-attitude-practice among urban migrant children and to provide scientific basis for nutrition promotion.Methods Two primary schools with high proportion of migrant children were chosen by cluster sampling in Wuhan City.A questionnaire survey was conducted by all pupils at grade 3-6 respectively which included general condition,nutrition knowledge,diet behaviors and so on.Results A total of 1132 primary school students were surveyed,772 of whom were migrant children and 360 of whom were local children.The rate of awareness of nutrition knowledge of migrant children was 78.5％,which was low compared with local children (83.5％),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =4.031,P =0.045);sex (t =2.065,P =0.009) and age (F =14.824,P ＜ 0.001) were main influential factors of the score of nutrition knowledge.The differences between in nutrition at titude and diet behaviors were not statistically significant.Both migrant children and local children had unhealthy diet behaviors,such as severe deviation food habit,inappropriate snacks intake and without breakfast.Conclusion According to the status of nutrition KAP of two types of children,the characteristics of low nutrition knowledge level,good nutrition attitude and poor diet behaviors coexist.Therefore it is necessary to carry out nutrition health education and create the active and healthy living environment for children.