北京市顺义区居民高血压患病现状与相关危险因素分析

摘要

目的 了解北京市顺义区居民高血压流行现状,并对其危险因素进行分析.方法 采用分层多阶段随机抽样的方法,抽取北京市顺义区15岁及其以上居民1835人进行横断面调查,调查内容包括问卷调查和体格检查.结果 顺义区居民高血压患病率为29.2％,标化患病率为28.0％.顺义区居民高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率分别为65.2％、56.1％和34.3％.单因素分析结果显示,年龄(x2=324.272,P＜0.01)、文化程度(x2=152.185,P＜0.01)、城乡差异(x2=31.701,P＜0.01)、家族史(x2=47.421,P＜0.01)、肥胖与超重(x2=136.887,P＜0.01)、腹型肥胖(x2=178.361,P＜0.01)6个因素间的高血压患病率差异有统计学意义.多因素Logistic分析结果显示,年龄(OR=1.066,95％CI:1.058～ 1.074)、家族史(OR=1.552,95％CI:1.157～2.082)、全身性肥胖(OR=1.210,95％CI:1.108～1.320)、腹型肥胖(OR=3.109,95％CI:2.362 ～4.091)是罹患高血压的危险因素.结论 顺义区15岁及以上居民高血压患病率较高,知晓率、治疗率、控制率偏低,有高血压家族史、腹型肥胖的中老年人更易罹患高血压,此类人群应作为社区干预的重点,培养其良好的生活方式以达到控制血压的目的.%Objective To study the prevalence of hypertension and its influencing factors among residents in Shunyi District,Beijing.Methods A total of 1835 residents aged 15 and above in Shunyi District of Beijing were investigated for epidemiological study with stratified cluster randomized sampling.Questionnaire survey and physical examination were conducted.Results The prevalence rate of risk factors for hypertension of residents was 29.2％,the age-standardized prevalence rate was 28.0％.The awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of hypertension were 65.2％,56.1％,34.3％,respectively.Single factor analysis showed age (x2 =324.272,P ＜ 0.01),the level of education (x2 =152.185,P ＜ 0.01),rural-urban gap (x2 =31.701,P ＜ 0.01),family history (x2 =47.421,P ＜ 0.01),obesity and overweight (x2 =136.887,P ＜ 0.01),abdominal obesity (x2 =178.361,P ＜ 0.01) as significant influencing factors.Results of regression analysis showed that age (OR =1.066,95％ CI:1.058-1.074),family history (OR =1.552,95％ CI:1.157-2.082),obesity (OR =1.210,95 ％ CI:1.108-1.320) and abdominal obesity (OR =3.109,95 ％ CI:2.362-4.091) were risk factors for hypertension.Conclusion The hypertension rate of residents in Shunyi District of Beijing was high,and awareness rate,treatment rate,control rate of hypertension still need to be improved.The elderly persons with family history,obesity,or abdominal obesity are more likely to progress into hypertension.They should be the focus of community intervention to cultivate their good life style and achieve the purpose of controlling hypertension.