贵州省北部农村儿童家长烧烫伤知信行调查及影响因素分析

摘要

Objective To understand the current situation of pediatric unintentional burns (PUB)and their parents about PUB's knowledge,attitude,practice (KAP) level,analysis the influence factors of parents about PUB's KAP scores.Methods 585 students's main guardian were recruited into this study by using a multi-stage cluster sampling method in rural Northern Guizhou Province.Besides questionnaires,students (40 middle school students and 40 pupils,respectively) were taking a group interview.Results PUB incidence was 5.88% and left-behind children was higher than non-left-behind children (9.18% vs 4.19%),the total of correct behavior rate was 61.82%;univariate analysis showed that the knowledge score of PUB for primary or below,junior middle school,high schooland college or above were (6.07 ±1.57), (6.19 ± 1.39), (6.31 ±1.67)and (7.79 ±0.80),respectively.In the left-behind children have a lower scores (5.97 ±1.46) than those in the non-left-behind children (6.29 ±1.50).The scores of the knowledge score of the students in the middle school group (6.27 ±1.50)were higher than those in the primary school group (5.99 ±1.47).Multiple regression analysis showed that the influence factors of guardians about PUB's KAP scores were parents'education level,student grades groups and whether left behind or not (standardized regression coefficients were 0.126,0.099, -0.088,P values were <0.05). The qualitative interviews reflect that children learned little about burns prevention knowledge and first aid skills from parents were inadequate.Conclusion In order to prevent the occurrence of PUB,children and parents need to strengthen health edu-cation and training,popularize injury-related knowledge to improve the knowledge level about burns.%目的 了解贵州省北部农村地区儿童烧烫伤现状及其家长关于儿童烧烫伤知识、信念、行为水平,分析影响KAP得分的因素.方法 采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法抽取585户农村家庭进行调查;利用访谈提纲,分别对40名中学生和40名小学生进行小组深度访谈.结果 中小学生烧烫伤发生率为5.88%,留守儿童烧烫伤发生率(9.18%)高于非留守儿童(4.19%);家长烧烫伤的行为总正确率为61.82%;单因分析显示,不同文化程度的监护人儿童烧烫伤知识得分为:小学及以下(6.07±1.57),初中(6.19±1.39),高中(6.31±1.67),大专及以上(7.79±0.80);初中组的学生知识得分(6.27±1.50)高于小学组(5.99±1.47);留守儿童关于烧烫伤的知识得分(5.97±1.46)低于非留守儿童(6.29±1.50).多元线性回归分析显示,家长关于儿童烧烫伤KAP得分的影响因素主要是监护人文化程度、学生年级和儿童留守与否(标准化 β值分别为0.126,0.099,-0.088,P均<0.05).定性访谈反映儿童从家长方面学到的烧烫伤预防知识及急救技能不足.结论 预防儿童非故意烧烫伤的发生,需加强对儿童和家长的健康教育和培训力度,普及伤害相关知识,提高儿童和家长的伤害认知水平.