南京市老年人心理健康状况及其影响因素

摘要

目的 了解南京市老年人心理健康现状,深入分析影响老年人心理健康的主要相关因素.方法 2013年3~12月采用随机整群抽样的方法在南京市某社区对1 176名老年人进行问卷调查,应用Kruskal-Wallis H检验和多元线性回归方法分别进行单因素和多因素分析.结果 南京市老年人心理健康状况总体水平较好;不同性别、居住状况、慢性病情况、家庭关系和社会活动是影响南京市老年人心理健康状况的主要因素(P<0.05).男性心理健康状况好于女性,独居为老年人心理健康状况的消极影响因素,而家庭关系和睦、经常参加社会活动、无慢性病是老年人心理健康状况的积极影响因素.结论 社会应该多关注老年人尤其是女性老年人的心理健康状况,组织丰富多彩的社会活动,营造和谐的家庭关系,促进老年人身心全面健康.%Objective To study the status of mental health of the old in Nanjing and analyze its main affecting factors further,and provide reference for the elderly mental health interventions.Methods 1 176 old people coming from one community in Nanjing chosen by cluster random sampling method were investigated by the self-designed questionnaire about Nanjing elderly health information from April,2013 to March,2014,and affecting factors were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis H-test and multiple linear regression.Results The status of mental health of the old in Nanjing was well.Different gender,living condition,chronic diseases,family relationship and social activities were the main factors of mental health (P<0.05).Mental health of the men was better than that of women,living alone was the negative factor,while the harmony family relationship,often taking part in social activities and no chronic diseases were positive factors.Conclusions More attention should be paid to the mental health of the old,especially women and organize colorful social activities,to create a harmonious family relationship and to improve the elderly both mental and physical health.