磁共振血管成像磁共振弥散加权成像和ABCD2评分对预测短暂性脑缺血发作继发脑梗死的研究

摘要

Objective To evaluate the association of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA),diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and the ABCD2 score assessments with secondary cerebral infarction after transient ischemic attack (TIA).Methods Intracranial vascular MRA,cranial DWI and ABCD2 score were retrospectively analyzed in 162 cases with TIA.The impact of TIA on survival time was assessed using the univariate Kaplan-Meier curve by Log-rank test.Hazard ratio (HR) and 95 ％ confidence interval (CI) of secondary cerebral infarction after TIA predicted by MRA,DWI and ABCD2 score were analyzed by Cox multivariable regression.Results Among the 162 patients with first attack of TIA,86 cases (53.1 ％) developed cerebral infarction within 90 d,of which 22 cases (13.6％) developed secondary cerebral infarction within 0 7 d,27 cases (16.7％) within 8～30d and 37 cases (22.8％) within 31-90 d.Single factor analysis by Kaplan-Meier curve showed that moderate to severe intracranial vascular stenosis diagnosed by MRA,positive DWI and moderate to high ABCD2 score were obviously related to cerebral infarction after first attack of TIA (all P＜0.001 or 0.01).Cox multifactor risk model indicated that age ≥70 y,moderate to severe intracranial vascular stenosis,positive DWI,moderate to high ABCD2 score were the risk factors for secondary cerebral infarction within 90 d after TIA (HR=1.782,2.245,1.964,1.204,95％CI:1.171-2.256,1.627 3.097,1.273-3.031,1.050-1.381,respectively,P＜0.05,0.01 or 0.001).Conclusions Intracranial artery stenosis examination may be more valuable than DWI and ABCD2 score in evaluating the outcome of TIA.%目的 探讨磁共振血管成像(MRA)、磁共振弥散加权成像(DWI)和ABCD2评分结果与短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)后继发脑梗死的相关性. 方法 回顾性分析162例TIA患者的颅内血管MRA、头颅DWI和ABCD2评分结果,采用Log-rank检验的Kaplan-Meier曲线评估单变量对TIA后无卒中生存时间的影响,Cox多变量回归分析评价MRA、DWI及ABCD2评分结果预测TIA后进展为脑梗死的风险比(HR)和95％可信区间(CI). 结果 162例患者中首次TIA发作后90 d内进展为脑梗死的患者共86例(53.1％),其中0～7 d继发脑梗死者22例(13.6％),8～30 d继发脑梗死者27例(16.7％),31～90 d继发脑梗死者37例(22.8％).Kaplan-Meier单因素分析显示,MRA提示中-重度颅内血管狭窄、DWI阳性和中-高危ABCD2评分与首次TIA发作后进展为脑梗死时间明显相关(P=0.000、0.003、0.000).Cox多因素风险模型结果显示,年龄(≥70岁)(HR=1.782,95％CI:1.171～2.256)、中-重度颅内血管狭窄程度(HR=2.245,95％CI:1.627～3.097)、DWI阳性(HR=1.964,95％CI:1.273～3.031)、中-高危ABCD2评分(HR=1.204,95％CI:1.050～1.381)为TIA发作后90 d内继发脑梗死的危险因素(P=0.023、0.000、0.002、0.008). 结论 颅内血管狭窄的评估可能较DWI检查和ABCD2评分对TIA的转归更具评估价值.