Oddi括约肌功能障碍:新研究和新认识

摘要

Oddi括约肌功能障碍(SOD)是指胆管和(或)胰管括约肌结构或功能异常引起的一系列临床综合征,对于Ⅲ型SOD患者是否需行内镜下Oddi括约肌测压或括约肌切开治疗一直持有争议.此类患者行内镜逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)治疗并发症风险高,尤其是ERCP术后胰腺炎.EPISOD研究更新了人们对Ⅲ型SOD的认识.最新颁布的罗马Ⅳ共识已摒弃Ⅲ型胆型SOD的诊断,并重新制订了胆型SOD的分类,目前不推荐此类患者行Oddi括约肌测压和括约肌切开术.本文着重对SOD尤其是Ⅲ型SOD的几个重要问题作一阐述.%Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD) refers to a series of clinical syndromes that occurs because of structural or functional disorders involving the biliary and/or pancreatic sphincters.It remains controversial whether endoscopic sphincter manometry (SOM) or sphincterotomy is needed in patients with type Ⅲ SOD.An important problem is that ERCP (with or without SOM) carries significant risks, especially the post-ERCP pancreatitis.The EPISOD trial has updated our knowledge on type Ⅲ SOD.The latest Rome Ⅳ consensus suggested that the classification term type Ⅲ biliary SOD should be abandoned and a new classification of biliary SOD was proposed;also, manometry and sphincterotomy were not recommended for patients with this type of SOD.The goal of this paper is to review recent literatures and elucidate the selected important questions regarding type Ⅲ SOD.