目的 探讨ICU医院感染情况并分析相关危险因素,为降低医院感染发生率提供理论依据.方法 回顾性分析本院2015年1月至2016年3月ICU收治的606例患者的病历资料,统计分析患者的疾病情况、处理措施、症状体征,通过全自动细菌分析系统检测患者痰液和血液样本,并对其转归和预后进行统计.结果 606例ICU患者中发生医院感染140例,发生率为23.1%,其中58例死亡,医院感染死亡率为41.4%.痰液和血液标本中均以鲍曼不动杆菌为主,金黄色葡萄球菌和真菌的出现应引起重视.多因素Logistic回归分析发现,年龄≥60岁、患有呼吸系统疾病、有侵入性操作为ICU患者发生医院感染的独立危险因素(P<0.05).患有呼吸系统疾病、入住ICU天数≥14天为发生医院感染的ICU患者死亡的独立危险因素(P<0.05).结论 加强ICU医院感染的监测工作至关重要,对于年龄≥60岁、患有呼吸系统疾病的ICU患者应加强监护,且在进行侵入性操作时应严格遵循无菌原则.%Objective To explore the hospital infection in ICU and analyze the related risk factors in order to provide theoretical basis for reducing the incidence of hospital infection. Method Retrospective analyzed the clinical data of 606 patients in ICU from January 2015 to March 2016 in our hospital, the patient's condition and treatment measures, the signs and symptoms were statistically analyzed. Sputum and blood samples were detected by automatic bacteria analysis system. Result The incidence of hospital infection was 23.1% occurred in 140 cases, the hospital mortality rate was 41.4%. The sputum and blood samples were mainly found Bauman Acinetobacter, emergence of Staphylococcus aureus and fungi should be paid more attention. Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that the age ≥ 60, suffered from respiratory disease, invasive procedure were independent risk factors for hosipital infection in ICU (P < 0.05). Suffered from respiratory disease and ICU staying time ≥ 14 days were independent risk factors for dead (P < 0.05). Conclusion It is very important to strengthen the monitoring of hospital infection in ICU. It is important to strengthen the monitoring for the elderly (age ≥ 60) and patients with respiratory diseases. The invasice operation should follow the principle of sterility.
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