外周血PCA3基因表达在前列腺癌早期诊断中的应用探索

摘要

目的 探讨外周血前列腺癌抗原3(prostate cancer antigen 3,PCA3)基因表达在前列腺癌早期诊断中的应用.方法 选取2015年10月至2016年12月因前列腺疾病于本院初次就诊的患者以及健康体检者共120例男性为研究对象.其中确诊前列腺癌46例(局限性前列腺癌27例、非局限性前列腺癌19例),前列腺增生40例,前列腺炎24例,健康体检者10例.采用实时荧光定量PCR技术(Taqman探针)检测研究对象外周血中PCA3 mRNA的模板数,比较其在不同组别中的表达含量,探讨其与前列腺癌诊断的相关性.结果 PCA3基因仅在前列腺癌组(31/46)和前列腺增生组(4/40)中表达,在其余组中均未见表达;非局限性前列腺癌组患者外周血PCA3基因表达量显著高于局限性前列腺癌组(P<0.001).结论 PCA3基因是前列腺癌的特异性肿瘤标志物,外周血PCA3基因检测有助于前列腺癌的早期诊断.%Objective To investigate the application of peripheral blood prostate cancer antigen 3(PCA3)gene expression in the early diagnosis of prostate cancer. Method 120 males were selected as the study subjects who were first visited in our hospital from October 2015 to December 2016 because of prostate disease and physical examination. 46 cases were diagnosed as prostate cancer (27 cases were localized prostate cancer group, 19 cases were non-localized prostate cancer group), 40 cases were diagnosed as prostatic hyperplasia, 24 cases were diagnosed as prostatitis and 10 cases of healthy subjects. Quantiative real-time PCR (Taqman probe) was applied to detect peripheral blood PCA3 gene expression of the subjects, compared the expression levels in different groups,and then explored its relevance to the diagnosis of prostate cancer.Result Peripheral blood PCA3 gene expression was only detected in prostate cancer group (31/46) and benign prostatic hyperplasia group (4/40), there were no expression in other groups and the expression level was higher in non-localized prostate cancer group than that in localized prostate cancer group (P<0.001). Conclusion PCA3 gene is a highly specific molecular marker of prostate cancer,and the peripheral blood PCA3 gene expression have a promising clinical application in early diagnosis of prostate cancer.