常见水质指标对患腹水病黄颡鱼组织病理的影响

摘要

Juvenile yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco w ith body w eightof20~25 g w as stocked ata rate of 52500 fish per hm 2, polycultured w ith silvercarp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix w ith totallength ofsom e 10 cm ata rate of3000 fish perhm 2,and bighead carp Aristichthys nobilis w ith totallength ofsom e 10 cm ata rate of1200 fish perhm 2 in ponds w ith area of0.53~1.0 hm 2,and w ater depth of 1.5~3.0 m ,and fed artificialdietat8:00~9:00 am and 15:00~16:00 pm .W ater tem perature,dissolved oxygen (D O),pH , N H 4+-N ,and N O 2--N levels w ere m onitored in 5 ponds w ith ascites and 3 non-diseased ponds and 63 sam ples ofdiseased fish and 23 sam plesofnorm alfish w ere collected from both pondson the 8th,18th,28th ofM ay and June in 2012 in orderto find outthe relation-ship betw een the w aterquality and histopathology ofascites.Itw as found thatabnorm alchanges,and em ergence ofcellsw elling,hy-perplasia,and vacuolardegeneration w ere observed in the gill,kidney and hepatopancreas ofthe sick fish w hen N H 4+-N ,and N O 2--N levelsexceeded the norm alw aterstandard.%体质量20~25g 黄颡鱼 Pelteobagrus fulvidraco 鱼种饲养在辽宁省灯塔市忠信集团面积0.53~1hm2，水深1.5~3m 的池塘中，密度为52500尾/hm2，搭养全长10cm 的鲢200尾、鳙80尾，投喂以人工饲料。2012年5月和6月的8、18、28日，采病鱼样品63尾，正常鱼样品23尾，监测了5个患黄颡鱼腹水病和3个未发病池塘的水温、DO、pH、NH4+-N 和 NO2--N 含量，以探讨水环境与黄颡鱼腹水病组织病理的关系。结果表明：当氨氮、亚硝酸盐超出正常养殖水体指标并升高时，鱼体鳃、肾、肝组织细胞发生肿胀、增生、空泡变性等一系列组织病理学变化。