基于一所医院产后抑郁症的患病情况及其危险因素调查

摘要

目的:调查产后抑郁(PPD)的患病情况,分析PPD的危险因素,为PPD的预防和干预提供依据.方法:利用自制问卷和爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS),对2012年7～10月在北京市朝阳区一所医院分娩的300例产妇的基本情况和PPD情况进行调查.EPDS共包括10个项目,得分范围为0～ 30分.本研究定义EPDS总分≥10分者为产后抑郁症.采用SPSS18.0软件对PPD的发生情况及危险因素进行分析.结果:本次调查时点内调查对象PPD发生率为24.33％.多因素logistic回归分析发现,“与婆家关系差”(OR=2.47,95％ CI=1.120-5.44)、“孕前健康状况差”(OR=4.99,95％ CI=1.561-15.93)、“怀孕影响目前工作或收入”(OR=1.79,95％ CI=1.02-3.12)的产妇,PPD患病率较高.结论:当前PPD的发生率较高,心理原因是主要危险因素,产后良好的家庭支持和心理支持可降低PPD症的发生率.%Objective:To explore the prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) and related risk factors.Methods:Three hundred pregnant women were evaluated for postnatal health status with Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS).SPSS18.0 software was used in statistical analysis.Results:With 10 points as the EPDS scale criteria,the prevalence of PPD was 24.33％.Factors influenced the prevalence of PPD were as follow:" the relationship between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law" (OR =2.47,95 ％ CI =1.12-5.44)," women's health status before pregnant" (OR =4.99,95 ％ CI =1.56-15.93) and "the effects of pregnancy on work and income" (OR =1.79,95％ CI =1.02-3.12).Conclusion:The prevalence of PPD is high due to many risk factors.In order to reduce the incidence,more family and psychological supports are necessary.