TATB/HMX共晶炸药的制备及性能研究

摘要

The TATB/HMX cocrystal explosive was prepared by solvent-nonsolvent method under ultrasonic assistance.The influence factors for the forination of TATB/HMX cocrystal were studied.The theoretical density and detonation velocity of TATB/HMX cocrystal explosive were calculated.Its characterization and thermal analysis were carried out by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and its impact sensitivity was tested.The results show that the optimum process conditions of preparing TATB/HMX cocrystal are: [Emim]Ac/DMSO as composite solvent, feed ratio of TATB and HMX as 3∶7, temperature as 80℃ and stirring rate as 500r/min.The results show that compared with the raw materials, the structure of TATB/HMX cocrystal molecules changes.The particle size is about 2μm and the morphology is hexagonal.The thermal stability of the cocrystal explosive is better than that of HMX.The characteristic drop height increases by 74cm compared with the raw HMX, revealing that the impact sensitivity is significantly reduced.Its theoretical density is 1.891g/cm3 and theoretical detonation velocity is 8.758km/s, showing that it has good detonation performance.%采用溶剂/非溶剂法,在超声辅助的情况下,制备了TATB/HMX共晶炸药;探究了TATB/HMX共晶技术的影响因素;计算了TATB/HMX共晶炸药的理论密度和理论爆速;采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和差示扫描热量法(DSC)对其进行表征和热分析,并测试了其撞击感度.结果表明,制备TATB/HMX共晶的最佳工艺条件为:以[Emim]Ac/DMSO为复合溶剂,TATB和HMX投料比(摩尔比)为3∶7,温度为80℃,搅拌速率为500r/min;与原料相比,TATB/HMX共晶分子在结构上发生改变;TATB/HMX共晶炸药颗粒大小约为2μm,形貌为六边形晶体;共晶炸药的热安定性优于原料HMX,其特性落高比原料HMX高74cm,撞击感度明显降低;理论密度为1.891g/cm3,理论爆速为8.758km/s,表明其爆炸性能良好.