儿童眼弓蛔虫病临床特点分析

摘要

Objective To describe the clinical manifestations of pediatric ocular toxocariasis.Methods The clinical data of 163 pediatric patients (163 eyes) with ocular toxocariasis from March 2012 to March 2018 at Beijing Tongren Hospital were retrospectively analyzed,with at least a follow-up of 5 months.The mean age of the patients was (7.03±2.54) years old,and 71.8％ of the patients were male.The provenances,clinical features,color doppler image (CDI) and ultrasound biomicroscope (UBM) manifestations and treatment of the patients were retrospectively analyzed.Results The patients were mainly from north area of China,72.4％ of the patients came from rural area,and 59.5％ had a history of close contact with cats or dogs;84.8％ of the patients had an initial best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of less than 0.1,48.5％ of the patients had peripheral granuloma formation,most cases presented with manifestations of chronic inflammation,such as lamellar vitreous opacity,tractional retinal detachment and band-shaped degenerations of the cornea.CDI examination demonstrated tractional retinal detachment in 84.4％ of the patients and UBM detected that 52.7％ of the patients had peripheral vitreoretinal pathologies ranged more than 6 clock-hours.Eighty-four percent of the patients undergone vitrectomy for severe vitreous opacity and/ or tractional detachment.Conclusions Most of the patients are school-age children,with a history of close contact of cats or dogs,and have poor visual acuity and severe clinical manifestations,such as vitreous opacity and/or tractional detachment which needed vitrectomy.CDI and UBM are helpful in confirming the scope and severity of introcuar pathologies.%目的 观察儿童眼弓蛔虫病的临床表现及特点.方法 回顾性分析2012年3月至2018年3月在北京同仁医院眼科中心就诊的年龄≤14岁且随访5个月以上的儿童眼弓蛔虫病163例163眼的病历资料,其中男113例,占71.8％,女46例,占28.2％;平均年龄(7.03±2.54)岁;均单眼发病.分析患者的地区来源、临床特征、彩色多普勒超声显像(CDI)和超声生物显微镜(UBM)检查、治疗情况等.结果 患者主要来源于中国华北地区,72.4％的患者来自农村,59.5％有犬、猫密切接触史;84.8％的患者就诊时最佳矫正视力(BCVA)＜0.1,除具备典型的玻璃体层状混浊和视网膜肉芽肿外,还可见角膜带状变性、虹膜后粘连等陈旧性炎症表现;临床类型分布以周边肉芽肿型较为多见,占48.5％;CDI检查发现84.4％的患眼合并牵拉性视网膜脱离;UBM检查提示52.7％的患眼周边玻璃体视网膜病变范围在6个钟点以上,其中84.0％的患眼行玻璃体切割术治疗.结论 儿童眼弓蛔虫病多于学龄期发病,且多有猫、犬接触史;就诊时视功能较差,且合并较重的玻璃体混浊和/或牵拉性视网膜脱离等多需玻璃体视网膜手术治疗;CDI和UBM检查有助于眼内病变程度和范围的确定.