干性年龄相关性黄斑变性的治疗进展

摘要

年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)可以引起不可逆的严重视力损害.目前对湿性AMD的诊断和治疗进行了大量的基础和临床研究,而对于干性AMD迄今尚无有效的治疗和预防措施.干性AMD在后期可以进展为黄斑区脉络膜新生血管(CNV)或地图样萎缩(GA),从而导致严重的视力损害.近年来出现的一些新的治疗策略主要集中在防止感光细胞和视网膜色素上皮(RPE)的损伤方面,如药物治疗、激光治疗、手术治疗、血浆置换以及干细胞和基因治疗等,有望对干性AMD的治疗带来新的希望.就干性AMD的治疗进展进行综述.%Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) can cause irreversible severe visual impairment.At present,a large number of basic and clinical research has documented several effective treatment for wet AMD.As for dry AMD,so far there is no effective therapy and preventive measure.Dry AMD probably worse for macular choroidal neovascularization (CNV) or geographic atrophy (GA) to its later stage,resulting in severe visual impairment.In recent years,some promising treatment strategies are emerging,mainly in the prevention of the damage of photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelium,such as drug therapy,laser photocoagulation,surgery,plasma exchange,stem cell transplantation and gene therapy.These therapies are expected to be able to bring hope for arresting the development of dry AMD.This article reviews the current researches and possible future management of dry AMD.