三种常用非甾体类抗炎滴眼液对人角膜上皮细胞的毒性研究

摘要

背景 双氯芬酸钠滴眼液、普拉洛芬滴眼液和溴芬酸钠滴眼液是眼科临床常用的非甾体类抗炎药(NSAIDs),长期应用可导致人角膜上皮细胞(HCECs)的损伤,但3种滴眼液导致HCECs的损伤程度及滴眼液中添加物的细胞毒性尚不清楚. 目的 评价双氯芬酸钠滴眼液、普拉洛芬滴眼液和溴芬酸钠滴眼液及其相应原料药对HCECs的毒性,明确其细胞毒性的主要来源. 方法 常规培养HCECs,分别在培养液中添加1∶1、1∶2、1∶5、1∶10稀释的滴眼液或原料药,使最终质量分数分别为0.10％、0.05％、0.02％和0.01％.采用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)法检测各组药物处理后HCECs的增生率;3种滴眼液均稀释至质量浓度0.002％(1∶50),以Transwell法检测各组药物处理后HCECs迁移率;采用乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)检测法测定各组药物处理后HCECs损伤程度.结果 3种滴眼液对HCECs的毒性作用具有剂量依赖性,差异均有统计学意义(均P=0.00),其中双氯芬酸钠滴眼液对HCECs增生、迁移和损伤影响最大,溴芬酸钠滴眼液对HCECs损伤程度最小,差异均有统计学意义(增生:F药物=20.25,P=0.00;迁移:F=103.43,P=0.00;损伤:F药物=164.16,P=0.00).与滴眼液相比,原料药的细胞毒性作用普遍较小,其中普拉洛芬原料药对HCECs增生、迁移和损伤影响最小,差异均有统计学意义(增生:F药物=332.27,P=0.00;迁移:F=23.02,P=0.00;损伤:F药物=154.83,P=0.00). 结论 双氯芬酸钠滴眼液、普拉洛芬滴眼液和溴芬酸钠滴眼液中以双氯芬酸钠对角膜上皮的毒性作用最大;3种药物的细胞毒性来源是添加物本身或原料药与添加物综合作用的结果.%Background Diclofenac sodium eye drops,pranoprofen eye drops and bromfenac sodium hydrate eye drops are three clinical commonly used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs).The variation of cytoxicity among these drugs and whether the cytoxicity is related to the supplements are also unknown.Objective This study was to compare the cytotoxicity of three non-steroidal anti-inflammatory eye drops and their active components with cultured human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) in vitro,and to discuss toxic origins of these drugs.Methods HCECs were cultured in different drugs with the final concentration of 0.10％,0.05％,0.02％ and 0.01％.Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay.Then,0.002％ eye drops (1∶50) was added,and the migration and damage of the cells were deceted by transwell migration assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay.Results The cytotoxicity of three nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory eye drops on HCECs was concentration-dependent (all at P=0.00).Diclofenac sodium eye drops showed the most dominant effects on the proliferation,migration and damage of HCECs among the three eye drops,while bromfenac sodium eye drops showed the least effect on the cell damage (proliferation:Fdrug =20.25,P=0.00;migration:F =103.43,P =0.00;damage:Fdrug =164.16,P =0.00).Compared with the eye drops,their active components showed less cytoxicity.Pranoprofen appeared the least effects on the proliferation,migration and damage of HCECs (proliferation:Fdrug =332.27,P =0.00;migration:F =332.27,P =0.00;damage:Fdrug=154.83,P=0.00).Conclusions The cytotoxicity ofdiclofenac sodium eye drops is more obvious than that of pranoprofen eye drops or bromfenac sodium hydrate eye drops.The cytotoxicity of the three eye drops originates from their supplements or the interaction between the supplements and active components.