个体化康复运动训练指导以及综合康复指导对冠心病患者PCI术后的影响

摘要

目的 探讨冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后给予个体化康复运动训练指导以及综合康复指导对其血脂、血糖及生活质量的影响.方法 选择2014年1月~2016年6月首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院心内科的冠心病患者200例,其中男性147例,女性53例.患者随机分为对照组与研究组,各100例.对照组PCI术后常规行康复护理及相关教育.研究组在对照组的基础上,给予个体化康复运动训练指导以及综合康复指导.干预前后采用中国心血管患者生活质量评定问卷评估,同时记录血糖、血压情况.结果 与干预前比较,两组PCI术后干预6个月以及12个月后生活质量评分均升高,研究组升高更明显,[(75.92±20.36)分 vs. (87.36±23.54)分],差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05).与干预前比较,两组干预12个月后总胆固醇均下降,研究组下降更明显,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05).两组干预后较干预前空腹血糖以及餐后2 h血糖均明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05).干预12个月后,研究组较对照组空腹血糖以及餐后2 h血糖下降更明显,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05).结论 冠心病患者PCI术后给予个体化康复运动训练指导以及综合康复指导可以显著提高患者生活质量,对降低血糖以及血脂也有积极作用.%Objective To discuss the influence of individual rehabilitation exercise training guide and comprehensive rehabilitation guide on blood fat, blood sugar and quality of life (QOL) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) after PCI. Methods CHD patients (n=200, male 147 and female 53) were chosen from the Department of Cardiology of Beijing Anzhen Hospital from Jan. 2014 to June 2016, and all patients were randomly divided into control group and trial group (each n=100). The control group was intervened with routine rehabilitation nursing and relative education, and trial group was additionally intervened with individual rehabilitation exercise training guide and comprehensive rehabilitation guide after PCI. Before and after the intervention, QOL was reviewed by using Questionnaire of QOL in Chinese Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases, and blood sugar and blood pressure were recorded at the same time. Results Compared with before intervention, scores of QOL increased in 2 groups intervened for 6 months and 12 months after PCI, which was more significant in trial group [(75.92±20.36) vs. (87.36±23.54), all P<0.05]. Compared with before intervention, total cholesterol level decreased in 2 groups intervened for 12 months after PCI, which was more significant in trial group (all P<0.05). The levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2-hPBG) decreased significantly in 2 groups after intervention (all P<0.05). After intervention for 12 months, levels of FPG and 2-hPBG decreased more significantly in trial group compared with control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion The individual rehabilitation exercise training guide and comprehensive rehabilitation guide can significantly improve QOL and have active effect on decreases of blood sugar and blood fat in CHD patients after PCI.